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      卷 0 ， 期 0 ， 2020
      • Jinshan Zheng,Mulin Niu,Gang Dai,Shuyuan Liu,Huimin Zhang,Qiang Zhang,Keqin Chen,Xuegen Yuan
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：This paper has systematically analysed the relative contents of the iron in the ironcontaining minerals of iron ore samples by Mössbauer spectrometer. The iron ore samples were roasted in reductive atmosphere, neutral atmosphere and oxidation atmosphere at 400℃, 500℃, 600℃, 700℃, 800℃ and 900℃ for forty minutes, respectively. This work has provided valuable data for some iron-steel companies.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Wanhui Zheng,Jiabi Zhu,Jiahui Gu,Jiaqi Tian
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：K internal conversion coefficients in five transitions in 67Zn from 67Ga decay were measured with a Si(Li)e-spectrometer and a Ge (Li) γ-spectrometer. The normalized K-conversion peak to Gamma peak method was used in this measurement. The 569.7 keV transition from 207Bi decay was used as a standard of normalization. The absolute efficiency of the Ge (Li) γ-ray detector was calibrated by using a set of conventional sources and the relative efficiency of the Si(Li)electron detector was calibrated by using 207Bi and 131I sources. Two programs of automatically searching peaks and calculating area under peaks for γ-spectrum and e-spectrum were compiled in BASIC language and were run on DIDAC-MULTI (8) system. Eventually, we obtained the following αK values for the five transitions: 93.32keV (0.81±0.09) , 184.58keV (1.35±0.15) ×10-2, 208.94keV (7.4± 0.9) ×10-3, 300.20keV (3.00±0.33) ×10-3, 393.57keV (2.13±0.27) ×10-3. In addition, we alsodeduced multipolarity of these transitions.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Yaojie Zhao
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：It has been analysed systematically and in detail that how to explain three kinds of detective levels in radioactive measurements including critical "there are or not" level, detectable level and accurate detection level of radioactivity in a sample with the principle of statistics, and a group of definitions and criteria for them was proposed. The criteria are obviousely useful for making use of informations contained in an experimental data and for judging if the results of detection are effective or not. At the end of this paper, an example was given to show the application of the criteria.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Jiabi Zhu,Wanhui Zheng,Jiahui Gu,Gongqing Wang
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The detection efficiency of the Si(Li) electron spectrometer as a function of electron energy was measured using 131I and 207Bi calibration sources having seven different energies from 45keV to 1000keV. The curve fit and interpolation of the efficiency curve were also made. The interpolation error of the curve was about 8.7%. By measuring internal conversion coefficiency of 67Zn reliability of efficiency curve was checked experimentally.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Zhensong Wang
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：Described here is a simple circuit used as counter pulsation power supply with good stability and reliability. It has good linearity of dose character, stable working perfor mance from -40℃ to +50℃. good component replaceability and expanded measuring range.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Yaozhang Huang,Yongxin Wang,Yanong Wu,Wenjiang Sun,Borong Bao,Xichong Shi
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The distribution 67Ga, 169Yb, 111In-Bleomycin, 57Co-Bleomycin, 111In-Chloride and 111In-Citrate in S180 mice were carried out. All of these agents were concentrated in tumor tissues of mice. Scanning of tumor areas showed radioactive concentration in "hot areas". The time of scanning laid between 24~48 h after medication. The uses of these agents were evaluated.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Ruzhang Ma,Yunyu Wang,Antai Xu
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The researchers combined magnetic method with Positron Annihilation spectroscopy to find out some relations between the atomic order and the ferromagnetics of the ordered Ni3Mn alloy. They observed that when s-parameter rise up after thichness reducing, the saturate magnetic induction Bs lowered down. But after a 40 minute re-ordering annealing, both s-parameter and Bs recovered qucikly to a certain extent. Based on these experiments, they strongly proposed that defects, such as dislocation and vacancy, influence seriously the Long Range Order Degree and sequentially the ferromagnetic response of the alloy. They also suggested that the recovery of the defects would be conductive to the ordering process. In addition, they indicated the existence of sub-structure, which would affect, in some way, the s-parameter.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Yunyu Wang,Nianqing Liu,Xiangrong Chang,Zhongzhuo Tian,Lü Rongbang,Jimei Xiao,Bisong Cao
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：A small amount of neodymium added into pure iron will reduce the annihilation rate of valence electrons and increase the core annihilation. Nd ions may be negatively charged relative to Fe ions, so a positron is attracted by rare earth impurity atoms in iron. The electrical properties of proton and positron are similar. If the difference in their mass doesn't change the essence of their interaction with impurity, we can easily believe that neodymium is a hydrogen trap in steel. It can attract proton, restrict the migration and enrichment of hydrogen in steel and thereby delay the hydrogen induced delayed fracture.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Zixiao Wang,Jianian Gui,Shaojie Wang,Weizhong Yu
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The effect of isothermal aging at 100℃ on Ms of Cu-19.47%, Zn-6.02% Al alloy was investigated by means of positron annihilation, resistence measurement and acoustic emission technique.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Jiayu Xue,Guokun Ji,Zhongzhuo Tian,Xiangrong Chang,Lü Rongbang,Jimei Xiao
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The plastic zone of crack tip of wedge opening loading specimens were studied by positron annihilation technique.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Yuqing Peng,Wanhui Zheng,Jiabi Zhu,Jingcheng Wang
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The defects and the k—state of Ni75Cr15Fe10 alloy have been investigated using positron annihilation technique. In order to estimate the dislocation density and the vacancy concentration of the plastic deformed samples, the lineshape parameters have been measured as a function of the thickness reduction. When the thickness reduction varied from 4% to 25% the variable ranges of the dislocation density and the vacancy concentration were from 5.2×109cm-2 to 3.4×1011cm-2 and from 2.0×10-6 to 3.0×10-4 respectively.The dependence of the positron lifetime and the lineshape parameter on the annealing temperature (250℃~800℃) were measured. The k—state of this alloy could be formed around 350℃.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Yuqing Peng,Wanhui Zheng,Jiabi Zhu,Jingcheng Wang
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The positron lifetimes and lineshape parameters for amorphous alloy (Fe0.1Ni0.35-Co0.55) 78Si8B14 have been measured as a function of annealing temperature. The effect of annealing treatment on defect of construction, primary magnetic permeability and electric resistivity was discussed.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Liangue Xiong,Jian Jiang,Chuan Cao,Yunyu Wang,Xingmin Xiong
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The change of dislocation concentration in 60% plastically deformed iron has been studied by positron annihilation technique. The experimental results show that the trapping rate of positron in defect may be expressed as the function of isothermal annealing time; vacancy and dislocation are the main defects trapping positron. The change of dislocation concentration can be written as follows:  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Keqin Chen,Yunfan Jin,Jie Cheng,Mingdong Hou,Changlin Li,Baoping Luo,Yuying Yao,Meizhen Wu,Chuan Cao,Zhichen Tong,Yaoyong Hou,Li Li
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The irradiation effects in nickel and SS (stainless steel) bombarded with 72.5 MeV carbon ions were described. It was detected by positron lifetime and Doppler broadening lineshape parameter S. The experimental results showed that the vacancies and some vacancy-clusters were introduced in the nickel during the carbon ions irradiation, while the irradiation damage in the SS is not distinct. The results both for nickel and SS by this method are in agreement with that by transmission electron microscope and that by activation volume method for dislocation.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Hua Gu,Maorong Huang,Peiyu Gao
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The effect of hydrogen in 18-8 austenitic stainless steel, in which the Ni content is different, has been studied by positron annihilation lifetime and Doppler broadening. The result shows that the mean life increases as the time of hydrogen charge on the sample is prolonged. The mean lifetime of the sample charged with hydrogen for long time is about 9% as long as that of the sample uncharged with hydrogen. The change of S line-shape parameter of Doppler broadening with the time of charge presents a similar tendency. The Ni content of the sample appears no obvious effect on the quantities mentioned above. The state and the action of hydrogen in such steel have been discussed.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Yuanjin He,Weizhong Yu,Jiajiong Xiong,Hongzu Xie,Minjie Cheng,Shanglan Liang
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The isochronal annealing process in sintered alloys SmCo5 has been investigated by positron annihilation technique (PAT). It was found that the precipitation phenomena by G.P. zone formation may occur between 200℃ and 600℃, and the moving of the defects concerned with the metallurgical processes may take place at a temperature as low as about 50℃.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Weizhong Yu,Jianxi Yao,Yuanjin He,Jiajiong Xiong,Jinzeng Zhang,Jialin Gu,Wanci Shen,Nanping Chen
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The positron lifetime measurements have been used to detect the microstructure changes in OCr13Ni4Mo and 20MnTiB steel during hydrogen charging. It has been found that hydrogen can exist in the form of H+, hydrogen charging leads to the increasing of the dislocation densities, and stress can enhance the increasing strongly. After heating the samples to 200℃, the hydrogen had been expeled from the samples.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Yunyu Wang,Nianqing Liu,Guodong Li
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：Positron annihilation technique is a new technique developed in recent years, it has become an efficient tool to study the point defects in metals and alloys. In this work the effect of aging-annealing treatment of Fe-Cr-Co-Si and Sm2 (Co, Fe, Cu, Zr) 17 type permanent magnet alloys on their microscopic structures was studied. From the measured lifetime and S-parameter of PA, it is shown that the reduction of change of PA life-time in aging-treated samples is due to the imhomogeneity induced by precipitation in these alloys.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Bisong Cao,Yunyu Wang,Tianbao Zhang,Zhongzhou Tian,Xiangrong Chang
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The doppler broadening lineshape parameter s in 40MnNbR and 16MnR steel samples decreased while a small quantity of rare earth element was doped in it, but the s pare-meter increased slightly while the concentration of rare earth in the samples was increased farther. It seems that the defect concentration in steel can be decreased by doping a small quantity of rare earth element and a large part of defects in quenched 16MnR steel samples are filled by carbon atoms.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Dingzhen Yin,Hua Gu
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The annihilation characteristics of positron in metal hydrides (LiH, MgH2, A1H3 and ZrH1.9-2.0) have been measured. The experimental results show that there is a intermediate component with shorter lifetime (0.3~0.4 ns) and very high intensity (~53%) in both MgH2 and A1H3 lifetime spectra. It presents that the annihilation characteriscs of MgH2 and AlH3 are quite different from that of LiH and ZrH1.9-2.0 which are centainly known as ionic bond and metallic bond respectively. The measured S, H lineshape parameters of Doppler broadening decrease with decreasing Pauling electronegativity difference, while the w parameter behaves conversly. So, we suggest that there is a larger covalent chracter in MgH2 and A1H3 bond.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Yuanjin He,Longtu Li,Weizhong Yu
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The positron lifetime spectra of the piezoelectric ceramics PbTiO3 doped with La and Mn have been measured. It was found that the mean lifetime increased as a function of the doped quantity of La, and seemed to be flat after La/Pb=0.04 being reached. These gave an evidence of the trapping effects of the Pb vacancies created by doping with La. The lifetime of positrons in Pb vacancies was estimated to be 304ps, and v the volume rate of trapping by Pb vacancies, to be about 3.75×10-11 cm3/s.  
          
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      • Nanming Zhao,Bisong Cao,Yuanjin He,Weizhong Yu,Jiajiong Xiong
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：Positron Lifetimes have been measured as a function of temperature in two positive dielectric anisotropy liquid crystals and a cholesteric liquid crystal. It is found that τ2 value decreases with increasing temperature which are quite different from the result in negative dielectric anisotropy liquid crystalline systems investigated so far and an abrupt change of τ2 occurs when the transition to the blue phase takes place.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Guokun Ji,Maorong Huang,Nianqing Liu
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The lifetime spectrum and the Doppler broadening lineshape S parameter of positron annihilation have been measured for hydrogen float-zoned silicon single crystals which are isochronal annealed at seven different temperatures between 500℃ and 700℃. It appears that no changes have been found for the different annealed temperatures. The results are in agreement with that given in several references. The average intrinsic lifetime in the specimen is 0.221~0.004ns. In this paper the defect induced by hydrogen is discussed based on our annihilation data.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Maorong Huang,Dingzhen Yin
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The annihilation mechanism and the change of vacancy concentration in α-LiIO3 single crystal under the action of an electrostatic field were investigated by positron annihilation lifetime spectra. The positron annihilation mechanism in α-LiIO3 was interpreted in terms of a trapping model in which the escape rate can not be neglected. A complicate relation between the average lifetime and the field strength was observed.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Bisong Cao,Yuanjin He,Weizhong Yu,Zhenhong Mai,Shufan Cui
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：The positron lifetimes spectra of hydrogen floatingzone silicon crystal isochronally annealed at different temperatures and other three kinds of silicon crystals have been measured. It is found that after annealed at a temperature above 550℃ the new micro defects appeared. The defect concentration of the silicon crystal grown in hydrogen atomosphere is higher than that of other silicon crystals. It can be seen from the experimental results that the temperature at which the Si-H bonds begin to dissociate is about 550℃.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Concert Group, Institute of Solid State Physics,Institute of High Energy Physics and Shenyang Science Instrument Factory,Academia Sinica
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：This paper describes the design of an apparatus for measureing electron momentum distributions and Fermi surfaces in solids. This apparatus can also be used in positronium chemistry and other positron studies. The vertical long-slit geometry was adopted. The central distance between the specimen and the slit was 3 meters. A typical geometric angular resolution of the system is 0.33Mrad. The positron source was 22Na with an activity of 30 mCi. Annihilation photons with an energy of 511keV were detected by the NaI (Tl) scintillation detectors of 300mm long. The conventional fast-slow coincidence was employed for the nuclear measurement system. Experimentally, the operation can be performed by a simple automatic way.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Tianbao Zhang,Housong Lin,Zhangliang Wu,Zaide Chen
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：A system of e+ annihilation lifetime spectrometer was established and its time resolution can reach 224ps in 22Na energy window condition.  
          
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      • Tianbao Chang,Shaojie Wang
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：With a lifetime spectrometer and a high purity Ge γ-ray energy spectrometer, we have estabilished the combined spectrometer for the investigation of positron annihilation. The new spectrometer can be used for investigating the lifetime spectrum with fixed energy region or the energy spectrum with fixed lifetime component.  
          
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      • Bisong Cao,Yuanjin He,Weizhong Yu,Shaolin Jiang,Xumo Wu,Dongguang Wang
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：A temperature controlling apparatus for positron lifetime measurements is described. The temperature range is from -160℃ to +200℃, and the time resolution is about 320ps.  
          
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      • Nianqing Liu,Guokun Ji,Shuying Wang
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：A Doppler broadening spectrum of e+ annihilation radiation is usually measured with a Ge (Li) solid-state detector. The background of the energy spectrum is mainly attributed by Compton sccattering of 1.28MeV γ-ray emmited from 22Na. We have attempted to reduce the background by combining the Ge (Li) detector (136 cm3) with the NaI detector (φ40×30 mm) in coincidence. The primary results shown that background at the lower and the higher sides of 7.5keV from the peak is, respectivily, about one half and one fourth of that obtained without the coincidence and at the higher side of 12keV from the peak is eleven times less than that. It is a simple and feasible experiment and possible to decrease the background further.  
          
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      • Shuying Wang
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：A method of solving some practical problems in analysing the lifetimes pectrum with a multi-exponential curve fitting were studied through the analysis of the lifetime spectra of e+ annihilation in amorphous alloy samples and others. It includes the selection of the start point of the fitting data one by one from a certain time range on the right of the spectrum peak, the normalization of the sum of all the relative intensities of various components by ajusting the zero time position of the spectrum and the test of the tail component to diminish the effect on the analysis of the end point position.  
          
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      • Naifei Gao,Shoushan Fan
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：A program is presented to fit the resolution function spectra which are discribed as a sum of Gaussians. By the program we have determined the approximate parameters of the resolution function which are needed in the convolution model of the POSITRONFIT-EXTENDED program. The possibility of replacing a real resolution function with a approximate one in the analysis of the positron lifetime spectra has been discussed.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Zhiping Liu,Housong Lin
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：Using multiexponential function as a fitting function, the positron annihilation lifetime data are reduced by least square method. The lifetime, intensity and their corresponding formulae of the error analyses are given. A program with ALGOL lanquage adapted to TQ-16 computer is compiled. The computing examples of two and three component lifetime spectra are listed.  
          
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      • Shenlin Wen,Guanren Chen
        Vol. 05, Issue 6, (1982)
        摘要：A positron lifetime spectrometer is described and some experimental procedures for its adjustment are presented in detail.  
          
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