最新刊期
      2020 年 第 0 卷 0 期

        综述

      • 书田 刘
        1980, 03(4)
        摘要：本文就环境样品α核素的同时测定进行了综述。介绍了 "总α"的直接测定法及液体闪烁法，较详细地评述了化学分离——α能谱测定法。  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16

        科研成果报告

      • Zhou Shu-xuan,Hu Xu-sheng,Lu Qing-qian,Sun Xiao-lei,Shen Zhi-tong,Li Bin-cai,Cheng Yong-li,Cheng Zong-fu
        1980, 03(4)
        摘要：We have developed a method of locating leaks in buried oil pipelines, which is based on the use of radioactive tracers. A spherical detection instrument with the outer diameter of 110mm has been designed. The method is simple, economical and sensitive. It is possible for the instrument to find out a leak with the leak-rate not less than 2 litres per hour. At present the instrument is suitable for the buried oil pipelines with a diameter of≥6 inches and a length of≤5 kilometres. So far there are six leaks have been accurately located in four different field tests.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Radiation Counter Group, Institute of Biophysics, Academia} Sinica
        1980, 03(4)
        摘要：A flat type large area gas-flow counter with multi-wire anode was constructed in 1971 to monitor beta active waste with low specific activity directly. The design consideration, material, process of manufacture, operational method and technical performance of this counter are described.The sensitive area of main counter is up to 1000cm2,and that of anticoincidence counter is 2500cm2. With a 10cm thick lead shield the background count rate is less than 25cpm (specific background count rate is less than 0.025cpm/cm2) for the coincident type main counter.For a thick sample of 90Sr-90Y aqueous solution of 10-10Ci/l,the count rate is 15.6cpm.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Xiao Chun-xin,Ma Ji-zu
        1980, 03(4)
        摘要：A large area low background α scintillation counter is described. Its effective detecting area is 111cm2 and counting efficiency with 4π geometry is 93.8%. The average background count rate is 0.067cpm. If Uα=Uβ=2 (i. e. both confidence levels are 97.73%) and measuring time is 100 minutes, the minimum detectable real activity is 9.58×10-14 Ci and in an ash specimen of 0.2g the minimum detectable real specific activity is 5.8×10-13Ci/kg.The design principle and operation of this instrument are given in brief.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Wang Guang-yu
        1980, 03(4)
        摘要：This paper discusses the temperature distribution in the accelerating structure of a 20MeV electron linac designed for medical use. An examination is made of the quality of the concrete structure and the cooling mode (of U-type) adopted in this linac. On the basis of the formulas of temperature distribution drawn from the discussion, a comparison concerning effect is given between two cooling modes, the U-type mentoned above and the unidirection flow type as adopted in some other linacs.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Ji Yun-jing,Wang Yi-jia,Li Jian-lin,Yao Shan-lin,Guan Shou-ren,Hu Kuang-ku
        1980, 03(4)
        摘要：This paper reports the observations of the distribution and metabolism of 14C-ASU in animal studied by the techniques of whole body, microscopic and chromatographic analysis autoradiography. It was found that 14C-ASU was absorbed and distributed over the whole body, reaching a peak within half an hour. Since 14C-ASU compound in the body remains in its original form and doesn't take part in the metabolism directly, the possibility of its cumulative poisoning in the body is rather small.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Wen Gong-jun,Su Bing-hua,Zhu Wen,Xia Zong-qing
        1980, 03(4)
        摘要：Applying the statistical theory of radioactive disintegration and the formula of error transmission. We have derived the expressions for the total standard error of dpm values obtained in liquid scintillation counting after quench correction. By the aid of an electronic computer, a series of tables for the control of errors in measurement have been obtained. Using these tables, one may conveniently control errors of his samples in measurement.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Zhu Shou-peng,Zhao Jing-yong,Su Kun-yuan,Mo Qi-zhong,Wang Guo-lin,Lao Qin-hua,Gao Xian-hua
        1980, 03(4)
        摘要：This paper describes the laboratory animal studies on the prevention of absorption of 58Co from the gastrointestinal tract. The results suggest that sodium alginate is effective in reducing the absorption of 58Co from the gastrointestinal tract. In the first 2 days after giving radioactive cobalt by gastrolavage and administration of sodium alginate,the faecal excretion of 58Co was increased evidently while the elimination from the urine was decreased. In the meantine, the chelating agents 811 and DTPA were tested for the abilities of removing 58Co from the body. Both 811 and DTPA effectively promoted the quick excretion of radioactive cobalt from the urine. However the side-effect of 811 was smaller than DTPA hence the treatment of 58Co intoxication in the body by 811 is favourable.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Shanghai Industrial Hygiene Institute
        1980, 03(4)
        摘要：Bismuth nitrate and phosphonic acid produce co-precipitation of bismuth phosphatethorium in 0.2M nitric acid system. The developing reaction of thorium to arsenazo III is determined by colorimetry. Sodium hexameta-phosphate is used to break up the developing chelating structure between arsenazo III and thorium so as to minimize the interference in measurement. The measurable limit of this method is 0.2µg. When 0.2µg thorium is added to the urine, its recovery rate is around 90%, with±10%relative error.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Xie Zong-chuan,Zou Zu-ren,Qian Shou-xi
        1980, 03(4)
        摘要：The methods of labelling brown planthopper with 32P and 86Rb are described. Direct marking adult planthoppers with radioactive solutions of 1µCi/ml made the insects 100%. Indirect marking by feeding the insect on the plant treated with radioactive solutions of 10µCi/ml showed that both adult and juvenile planthoppers were labelled with the rates of 40~77% for 32P and 100% for 86Rb.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Tang Guo-zhong,Liang Yan-hong,Yin Lin-xiang
        1980, 03(4)
        摘要：1-[α-3H2-p-ethylphenoxy]-7-ethoxy-3,7-dimethyl-2-octene was synthesized by condensation of 7-ethoxy geronyl bromide and 3H-ethylphenol. The former was prepared from geraniol as starting material through alko xymercuration demercuration and bromination, and the later was obtained by catalyzed tritium reduction of acetylphenol. The product had high specific activity and good radiochemical purity.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16

        工作简报

      • Ma Yu-qin,Yuan Qun-mao,Yu Ming-zhu,Yang Lei,Lu Dun-zhu
        1980, 03(4)
        摘要：This paper reported the results of the studies on the contents of uranium and radium in different types of natural waters. It also showed that such of these contents might be influenced by burning coal and oil and by the employment of phosphate fertilizers as well. The aim of the researchs is to find the amount and laws of their variations of the radioactive elements naturally occurred so as the results thus obtained may be used as a theoretical basis for environmental surveillance.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16

        知识介绍

      • 志祥 陈
        1980, 03(4)
        摘要：在分析化学中，X射线荧光分析法是一种应用广泛的分析工具。七十年代以来，由于半导体硅（锂）探测器大量投入使用，从而发展了能量色散X射线分析技术，其中质子激发X射线分析技术的发展尤为迅速，而放射性同位素源激发的X射线分析由于设备简单、操作方便、经费省等优点也有了很大的发展，成了X射线荧光分析中的一个重要分支，有的已成为微量元素分析中的常用工具。在环境科学、生物医学、地质、冶金、考古等许多领域内得到了广泛的应用。  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
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