最新刊期
      2020 年 第 0 卷 0 期

        综述

      • 祉纶 薛,明光 谈,善铸 周,云龙 钱
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：近年来发展了一种放射性同位素年代测定的新方法：把含有放射性同位素的待测样品引入加速器的离子源，经电离后加速到高能量，再应用核物理实验中的粒子鉴别技术对单个原子进行计数。其灵敏度比常规的衰变法增加几个数量级，因而可以使用少得多的样品量和测量更古老的年代。这种直接计数单个原子的方法作为超灵敏质谱技术，预计将会在很多领域得到广泛应用。本文介绍这种新技术的基本原理以及在回旋加速器和串列式静电加速器上的实验技术。并对目前的现状、应用的展望及其局限性作一简单评述。  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16

        科研成果报告

      • Xu Jun-quan,Le An-quan
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：The precise formulas for calculating thickness of X-ray balanced filters made from metal foils or oxide-plastic films are deduced from the principle. The fabricating methods of balanced filters and their fluorescence effects are briefly described.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Zou En-teng
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：A composite element filter of absorption edge type described here can be used when the X-ray energy of the wanted element is higher then that of the interference element. It's mainly used in immersion probes. When measuring copper in copper concentrate, the absolute error of the grade achieved is mostly less than ±0.3% and this can fully meet the demand of industrial process control analysis. It can be anticipated that in other pulp on-stream analysis, a relative composite element filter can certainly be made if the content of the neighboring element is high enough and the X-ray energy of the element to be measured is higher than that of the interference element.Preparation of Ni-Cr composite powder, the blending ratio test of the two element, the mass thickness test at the given blending ratio, the modulation and testing of the filter performance and test measurement on the sample of natural powder are given.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Chen Mao-bai,Gu Ji-he,Zhang Jian,Yi Guan-qi,Yao Chong-jue,Chang Hong-jun
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：The improvement of the original 1.2m cyclotron to enhance its accelerated particles energies with increasing main magnet exciting current and reshimming the magnetic field is described. After the improvement, the energy of deutron particles was enhanced from 13.6MeV to 16MeV, and the energy of α particles to 32MeV.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Guo Xue-yi
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：The scanning instrument used in electron irradiation is an important device of the electron accelerator. In order to improve the homogeneity of the radiation dosage, it is proposed that the homogeneity of the scanning can be raised if the scanning magnetic field is produced by the electric current composed of both the trigonometric and sine waves.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Tang Zhang-xiong
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：Three kinds of ionization chamber for X-ray and γ-ray dosimetry are here described: a) Ionization chamber of 0.5cm3 with pure graphite wall and alumunium collecting electrode. In case of radiation having a HVL between 0.07mm Cu to 2.5mm Cu corresponding to a X-ray tube voltage of about 60 to 220kV, the maximun error of the energy response was below 1.5%. The calibration factor of 137Cs and 60Со γ radiation also fell in with above range when an additional 3.75mm thick lucite build-up cap was fitted. b) Ionization chamber of 2cm3 with bakelite, pure graphite or teflon wall the maximun error of energy respose was lied between 3~5%; c) Ionization chamber of 200 cm3 with bakelite plastic wall,the maximun error of energy response was below 5%. All of them can be used as secondary standard Röntgen meter and in protection dose measurement.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Hao Run-long
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：This paper describes the principle and application of correlation method in the absolute radioactivity measurement. This new method measures the quantity of charge occurring in the detectors instead of the number of voltage pulse and then calculats the correlative quantity of the charge between two channels. Finally it gives the absolute activity of the measured sample. The purpose of this method was to make an attempt to decrease some trouble raised from dead time correction.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Gui Shou-zao,Liang Yu-sheng,Wang Gong-qing,Gu Jia-hui
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：A simple method for absolute assay of medical solution of 125I is described, which takes advantage of the area in the coincident sum peak in the single crystal NaI (Tl) γ-ray spectrum. Using this method to various measurement conditions, we get accuracy within 1%.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Zhu Shou-peng,Zhao Jing-yong,Mo Qi-zhong,Gao Xiang-hua,Lao Qin-hua
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：Metabolism of 35S-patan was studied by means of macro-autoradiography and homogeneous liquid scintillation counting. The dynamic distribution of radioactivity in the body showed that this drug was absorbed rapidly and its accumulation decreasing with the order of kidney, liver duodenum, lung and trace in brain. This radioactive drug was eliminated rapidly with about 89.11% of the administered radioactivity in 48 hours after injection. 35S-patan was chiefly excreted in the urine and kept unchanged in form.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Wang Rong-yi,Zhang Xin-rong
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：With the principle of component combination isolation being applied the power source is inclosed in a earthed metallic enclosure (volume: 10×20×34 cm3, weight: 14.3 kg) and powered directly by a power supply with commercial frequency of 50 Hz. The output voltage can be adjusted continuously from 0~120kV by means of a small adjustable autotransformer. The output lead is a 150kV cable with maximum output power being 100W. The complete set can be carried in a hand bag, working safely and operated easily.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • Zhang Ting-hua
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：An ionization chamber used in an ore-pulp-density gauge is presented. Its stability, sensitivity, plateau characteristic and the measures adopted in construction are briefly described.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16

        工作简报

      • Ni Xin-bo,Wang Yong-xian,Sun Qi-xun,Yang Jing-qing,Yin Duan-zhi,Lin Jun-ying,Hu Miao-jun,Si Xi-chang,Wang Yong-chuan,Ji Qi-mei,Ma Wei-duo,Xie De-feng
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：In this work, the average perturbed angular correlation integral attenuation factor G2 were measured using time—integral perturbed angular correlation method, 0.1205 ± 0.0098 for serum of cancer LCR rats, 0.1853±0.0324 for normal LCR rats. The difference between these two factors is obvious (P<0.01) . Because the 111In is bound to transferrin molecule in the serum, it seems that the equivalent radius of transferrin molecule of cancer LCR rats is smaller than that of normal LCR rats and the molecular conformations are different with each other.  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16

        知识介绍

      • 杰 方
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：电离辐射在农业上的应用日趋广泛深入，一直习用的照射量已不适应需要，目前面临着一个如何从照射量向吸收剂量过渡的问题，对此在计算和测量上都需要深入探讨。本文仅从剂量概念出发，对农作物种子作了计算，为过渡提供一个方法。  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16

        来稿摘登

      • 正国 邹,辛 章
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：因生物示踪需要14C标记的去甲肾上腺素，我们参考Kindler等的非标记合成路线制备了DL-去甲肾上腺素-（氨甲基-14C）盐酸盐（Ⅰ），总收率按Ba14CO3计算为30～40%。其反应式如下：  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • 夏令 赵,雨龙 张,蔚瑜 何,星岳 张
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：炔诺酮庚酸酯是一种长效避孕药。为了研究该药在体内的吸收分布、代谢过程和作用机制，我们合成了14C-3H双标记炔诺酮庚酸酯。首先制备了炔诺酮-6,7-3H和庚酸钠-1-14C。前者系用19-去甲基--雄烯-3,17-二酮为原料，通过钯-碳酸钙催化氚化，用炔锂乙二胺络合物炔化制得。后者用格氏反应制得。然后两者分别进一步酯化成炔诺酮-6,7-3H庚酸酯与炔诺酮庚酸酯-1'-14C，并按一定比例相互混合成双标记分子。合成路线见下页。  
          
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        发布时间：2022-08-16
      • 企嫈 方,燕燕 谢,雨健 葛
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：锆-4合金作为反应堆结构材料和核燃料元件的包壳，由于它所含稀土的热中子俘获截面较大，所以锆-4中稀土的分析分离很重要。为了提高分析分离的灵敏度，对二步萃取法作了些改进：第一步改用磷酸二2-乙基已基酯（D2EHPA）为萃取剂，选用4N HCl介质能萃取大量锆，把稀土分离出来。第二步用磺基水杨酸-硫氰酸铵作掩蔽剂，1苯基3甲基4苯甲酰基吡唑啉酮（PMBP）萃取稀土，将其它非稀土元素分离掉，然后用PH2.5HCl进行反萃取，偶氮胂Ⅱ紫色分光光度计测定稀土，灵敏度能达0.29ppm。实验结果如下：  
          
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      • 上海跃龙化工厂剂量防护组
        1981, 04(2)
        摘要：在开放型放射性工厂的生产过程中，由于各种原因，操作人员的手部易被放射性物质所污染。如不及时进行清洗去污，放射性物质就会通过皮肤进入体内，可引起内照射的危害。因此，必须采取必要的去污措施。  
          
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