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      综述

    • 钰铭 刘
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:辐射聚合是高分子辐射化学中研究得最早和最多的一个方面。1925~1967年,研究过的单体已超过350种[1]。七十年代以来,研究的范围不断扩大和深入,取得了很大进展,其中最主要的有两个方面:一是脉冲辐解技术用于辐射聚合的基本理论研究,由于可以直接观测中间产物的形成、变化和归宿,这就可能弄清楚长期来只处于推论或难以证明的聚合机理,以期从根本上解决辐射聚合的规律;二是充分利用电离辐射的特点,开发新的辐射聚合技术和工艺。例如辐射聚合的引发活化能趋近于零,聚合可在较低温度下进行,从而开发出过冷态辐射聚合的崭新工艺;又如辐射产生的活性基均匀地分布于整个体系,由此出现了各种晶态固相聚合方法;再如由外部射线的能量引发体系内部进行聚合,可以容易地调节剂量、剂量率而控制聚合的进程、分子量及分子量分布,这就发展出不同的催化-辐射控制聚合法等。本文重点介绍晶态固相、过冷态、高剂量率和催化-辐射控制聚合的进展。而预辐射聚合、乳化聚合、介质敏化聚合等也有不少新的发展,恕不赘述。  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16
    • 惠扬 赵
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:核医学目前正在迅速发展,它在医学上占有重要的地位。在二十年前的国际核医学会议上提出的医学上应用的放射性核素数目仅4~5种,展出的核仪器所占面积不过20英尺左右;十年前,双探头扫描机和新的灌注肺扫描已展出;1978年ECT装置已展出;再过十年核医学发展到何种程度是难以想象的。  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16
    • Yang Guo-hua,Lu Wei-guo,Wang Rong,Zeng Quan-xing
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:The major performances of three high efficiency packings were studied in the enrichment of 13C using CO2/di-n-butylamine (DNBA) /triethylamine (TEA) system. These packings consisted of 2 × 2mm Dixon rings (phosphor bronze gauze, 100 mesh) , 1.5×1.5×0.12 mm triangular-section spirals (stainless steel wire ϕ0.12mm) and 1.6×1.6×1.5×0.2 mm rectangular-section spirals (i.e. Helipak packings, stainless steel wire ϕ0.12mm) .The results showed that the spiral packings are very suitable for the chemical exchange processes of isotope separation which require theoretically a large number of plates.  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16
    • Xue Liu-dong,Fang Yi-hong
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:This paper deals with a timing SCA which has good timing characteristics for pulses from nuclear shaping amplifiers. With 0.4µs CR- (RC) 4 shaping pulses, while their amplitudes change from 10V to 1V,the timing walking is less than 1ns.  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16
    • Wu Ren-chang,Li Jia-sen
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:This paper describes the design outline, detecting principle, results obtained and some unsolved problem of this instrument. Specification: Measuring range, 1—104 cps; Fundamental error, ±40%; Response time, 18sec; Net weight 4kg.  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16
    • Li Xi-qi,Fan Xin-shun
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:A method for determining settling velocity of 113mIn labelled sands is presented. Experiments show that in distilled water the mean settling velocity of tracer particles with a diameter of 0.9 mm is 111.50±0.48 mm/s (theoretical value being 109.2 mm/s) . This method thus provides a laboratory mean for studying the velocity, the characteristics of sediment particles settling in muddy water, which could hardly be done hitherto.  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16
    • Wu Quan-de
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:The arrangement and method for reproducing the unit of roentgen with 10 to 50kV low energy X-rays were discribed. The correction factors and the error were given. The total uncertainty for single reproducing was 2.2% with the exposure rate being ±1~20 R/min.  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16
    • Liao Yi-song,Zhang Yue-fang,Chang Xiu-hong,Zhang Zi-cheng
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:The change of optical absorption in PE film is observed during irradiation. This effect can be used as a measure of radiation dose of 60Co γ-rays or electron beams at a range of 106~108 rad.  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16
    • Chen Yuan-di,Xue Zhi-lun
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:After irradiation, the thorium is rapidly extracted by TBP (15% in CC14) in NH4SCN solution (1.0M, pH=2.5) . The beta ray of 233Th was counted by liquid GM counter, without the α particles of 232Th and 228Th being detected. The whole process was finished in 15~20 min. Half-life of 233Th was determined as 22.1 min. The recovery of thorium was about 80%.This method was successfully used for the measurement of fast neutron capture cross-section of 232Th.  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16
    • Sun Qi-xun,Wang Yong-chuan
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:The in vivo kinetic distribution of [2,5,6-3H]-DL-DOPA, synthesized by us was investigated in mice. The experimental data showed that the radioactivity in adrenals and melanoma were high, and the eliminations from these tissues were slow. At 6 days after intravenous injection, the tissue uptakes were 2—4 times of other organs. But at such target/non-target ratio, the tumor can't be inhibited without other organs recieving doses exceeding maximum permissible level.  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16
    • Yang Xi-zhen,Wu Jia-ping,He Rong-xia,Shen Ya-ying,Xu Xin-chuan,Zhang Man-da
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:During the experiment of lymphocyte transformation with 3H-TdR, we found the counting rate of preparing sample using filter method was higher than that using chemical-digest method. Experiment showed the counting rate for 2 µCi was doubled in filter method than digest method.Moreover, when homemade 49 glass fiber disc was used in the filter method,the counting rate was markedly increased, in comparing with 0.8μ, 3μ, 5μ millipore filter. The filtering rate was quite rapid and gave reproducible results. The liquid scintillator after filter disc being removed could be used over again.  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16
    • 小风 赵
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:本文介绍三叶扇形可变能量等时性回旋加速器的束流静电引出通道的设计方法和特点,讨论了静电引出通道设计的基本粒子动力学要求,并根据静电通道的几何参数,对静电引出通道的单粒子运动方程作数值积分,从而确定了通道入口相对扇形磁场的合理方位角、通道分段的跨度及通道经向张口的程度,推导了单粒子运动方程等效的线性化简谐振荡方程。由束流光学的σ矩阵变换方法计算了通道入口的经向接受度及引出束包络,给出了引出束穿越边缘磁场的图象,证明在第一段静电通道内,引出束几乎正交地穿透等高斯线束的横向磁场梯度几乎为零,束的光学性质不受磁场经向发散力的破坏,这对维持束在相空间里的密集,以得到好的引出束品质和较高的流强都是必要的。当束进入第二段静电通道后,束不再正交地穿越等高斯线,横向磁场梯度越来越大,为了部分地抵消横向磁场对束的径向发散的破坏作用,拟将第二段通道的电极轴向形状设计成双曲面型,并在通道后的适当位置附加一个磁孔道。  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16
    • 源棣 成,新芳 朱,芝芬 华
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:采用1.2米回旋加速器产生的质子束(6.7MeV、约8μA)照射硅样品,使氧发生18O(p,n)18F核反应,18F半衰期为110分。辐照后用化学处理腐蚀表面,然后用热解分离法分离出18F,用蒸馏水吸收、处理转化为氟化钙样品进行测定。热解法分离的回收率约为50~70%,本法探测极限为5×10-3%,相对误差为± 30%;一般含氧量为l×10-3%时,相对误差为±10%。  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16
    • 道玲 庄,雨龙 张,若苓 华,国忠 唐,义芳 叶,桢堂 周,维多 马,根生 胡
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:近年来,随着人们对生命科学、遗传工程、肿瘤、针刺麻醉和计划生育等方面的探索和研究,氚标记氨基酸已作为一种有效的示踪剂而被广泛应用。  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16

      科研成果报告

    • Hu Wen-xiang,Liu Lian-fan,Chang Gui-lin
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:In this paper a parallel-plate avalanche counter for measuring Mössbauer emissionspectrum is described, the properties and the characteristics of the detector are discussed in detail. The results show that Mössbauer spectrum can be measured with a weak source about several tens of nCi.  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16

      工作简报

    • Wu Jun-heng,Zhang Da-ming,Wang Wen-min
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:This paper describes a method for thickness measurements of thin layer and foil by using the forward scattering of alpha particles from the cyclotron. By analyzing the scattering spectra, a thickness of a gold layer coated on kovar substrate and thickness of a carbon foil have been determined.  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16

      知识介绍

    • 锦帆 周
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:研究螯合树脂的工作已有30多年的历史。在这段时间内,无论在树脂的合成、性能研究以及应用方面都有很大进展,共发表了约三百篇文献。对于铀的分析化学或铀水冶工艺方面,当前的研究都集中在如何提高离子交换树脂对铀的选择性上。目前主要有以下两个途径:(1)采用非水溶剂作为分离介质,以提高分离系数a。(2)合成螯合树脂,即将各种具有高选择性的有机试剂的功能团引入树脂骨架,从而能选择性地吸附铀。显然,后者对铀的分析化学或铀的水冶工艺来说都是很有意义的。本文主要介绍各种螯合铀的离子交换树脂及其应用。  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16

      学术讨论

    • 锋 郝
      1980, 03(6)
      摘要:利用测量地面γ射线方法探测基岩裂隙水的试验研究工作国内只有三、四年的时间,但发展较快。该法主要采用野外轻便的γ辐射仪和能谱仪及新研制的专门用于找水的仪器,用徒步点测的方法,探测局部小型含水构造,以达到选择供水井位的目的。  
        
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      发布时间:2022-08-16
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