最新刊期
      卷 42 ， 期 12 ， 2019

        SYNCHROTRON RADIATION TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS

      • “在同步辐射光束线光学元件领域，专家设计了粘弹性减振器，有效控制地面微振动对元件振动稳定性的影响，为光束线元件稳定性研究提供参考。”
        CAO Gang,LI Yi,LIANG Hao,SHENG Weifan
        Vol. 42, Issue 12, (2019) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2019.hjs.42.120101
        摘要：BackgroundVibration instability of optical-elements caused by ground micro-vibrations affects the position and focal length of the sample in the synchrotron beamline.PurposeThis study aims to propose a scheme of employing viscoelastic dampers on beamline optical-elements for vibration reduction.MethodsFirst of all, a viscoelastic damper was designed, and the coefficients of Prony series were obtained by nonlinear fitting of shear storage modulus and loss modulus of the viscoelastic materials by shared-parameters mode. Then, the dynamic properties of viscoelastic dampers were simulated by finite element software. Finally, this damper was applied to a long reflecting-mirror, and the harmonic response, transient dynamic analysis, and the static structural analysis of the supporting structure were carried out. In addition, the influence of the installation position of dampers on the damping effect were compared.ResultsSimulation results show that for the 1 μm vertical steady-state sweep excitation, the vertical displacement transmissibility of the mirror decreased by 35.2% (original position), 53.7% (closer to the edges), 32.4% (closer to the center) in the frequency range of 0~200 Hz, respectively. For the 1 μm vertical half-sine shock excitation with duration of 6.25 μs, the RMS values of 0.5 s after impact interference decreased by 70.8% (original position), 79% (closer to the edges), 59.7% (closer to the center), respectively.ConclusionsThe proposed viscoelastic damper can effectively reduce the influence of ground induced micro-vibrations on the mirror, and provide some guidelines for the vibration stability study of other optical-elements in synchrotron beamlines.  
        关键词：Micro-vibration;Viscoelastic dampers;Nonlinear fitting;Finite element analysis   
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        发布时间：2024-10-25
      • “在材料研究领域，科学家们提出了一种结合EDXAFS和EDXRD的测试方案，利用同步辐射白光，理论上可实现微秒量级的表征速度和时间分辨能力，为材料结构原位实时表征提供可能方法。”
        LIU Zhijie,LUO Zhenlin
        Vol. 42, Issue 12, (2019) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2019.hjs.42.120102
        摘要：BackgroundX-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are the commonly used techniques to determine the short-range and long-range order of atomic arrangement in materials.PurposeThis study aims to perform XAFS and XRD measurements quickly and simultaneously for in situ kinetic structural investigation.MethodsA method of combining synchrotron energy-dispersive X-ray absorption fine structure (EDXAFS) and energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) was proposed. The white light of synchrotron radiation was used that could theoretically provide microsecond scale representation speed and time resolution.Results & ConclusionsWith a potential temporal resolution of micron seconds, this strategy provides a possibility for quick and simultaneous characterization of short- and long-range structural information of materials that sheds light on in-situ real-time investigation of structural evolution in materials in real conditions.  
        关键词：Energy-dispersive XAFS;Energy-dispersive XRD;Temporal resolution;Structure characterization   
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        发布时间：2024-10-25
      • “在上海同步辐射光源，科研人员搭建了软X射线激发稳态瞬态发光探测系统，实现了XEOL和TRXEOL光谱探测，为研究材料发光机制和动力学过程提供技术手段。”
        YU Huaina,ZOU Ying,ZHANG Zhaohong,MENG Xiangyu,WANG Yong,TAI Renzhong
        Vol. 42, Issue 12, (2019) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2019.hjs.42.120103
        摘要：BackgroundX-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) is an X-ray photon-in, optical photon-out technique that detects ultraviolet to near infrared (200~900 nm) photons emitted by the sample under soft X-ray excitation. Combining with synchrotron radiation, XEOL can be used to identify the origin of the luminescence and study luminescence dynamics.PurposeThis study aims to build a soft X-ray excited steady-state and transient luminescence detection system at the soft X-ray beamline BL08U1A of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF).MethodsA data acquisition system was developed independently to realize the simultaneous detection of XEOL and total electron yield (TEY) spectra under different soft X-ray photon energies. A spectrometer, and a set of subsystems, including timing, nuclear electronics and motion control were integrated to realize time-resolved XEOL (TRXEOL) detection. Finally, experimental tests were performed to verify performance of this detection system.ResultsThe XEOL and TEY signals at the Cs M4, 5 absorption edges of CsPbI3 submicron wires were detected, and the effect of photonic crystals on the output of scintillators was studied. The time-resolved XEOL spectra and decay curves of zinc oxide were obtained by TRXEOL detection system.ConclusionsThe results verified the feasibility of XEOL/TRXEOL detection system at the soft X-ray experimental station BL08U1A which provides a good technical means for studying the luminescent mechanism and luminescent dynamics of materials at SSRF.  
        关键词：XEOL;Time-resolved XEOL;Synchrotron radiation;Soft X-ray   
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        发布时间：2024-10-25

        ACCELERATOR, RAY TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS

      • “在光子加速领域，逆康普顿散射获得关注。通过调节电子能量和激光波长，基于上海软X射线自由电子激光装置的激光康普顿散射γ光源将具有高能量、高通量、高极化度和准单能等特性。”
        WANG Junwen,FAN Gongtao,WANG Hongwei,MA Yugang,ZHANG Guilin,LIU Longxiang,ZHANG Yue,HU Xinrong,LI Xinxiang,HAO Zirui
        Vol. 42, Issue 12, (2019) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2019.hjs.42.120201
        摘要：BackgroundBack Compton scattering (BCS) as a photon acceleration mechanism, has gained more attention and application in recent years.PurposeThis study aims to investiage the polarized gamma beam characteristics of laser Compton scattering (LCS) gamma source based on the soft X-ray free electron laser (SXFEL).MethodsThe numerical simulation method was employed to study the beam properties of LCS source based on SXFEL. Characteristics of its energy, flux, polarization and quasi single energy were analysed in details.ResultsThe results show that the LCS gamma source has the advantages of high energy, high flux, high polarization and monoenergetic beam. The gamma ray energy can be changed continuously between 1 MeV and 80 MeV by adjusting the electron energy and the laser wavelength. With a collimator gamma energy resolution will reach ≤4%. Most importantly, the gamma rays are nearly 100% polarized and the polarized gamma beam spot is affected by the laser polarization properties.ConclusionsThe calculation shows that the LCS gamma source at SXFEL will be a high quality gamma facility with high energy resolution and high degree of polarization.  
        关键词：LCS gamma source;Polarized gamma ray beam;Beam spot   
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      • “中国散裂中子源DTL加速器通过调整调谐器和耦合杆，优化了电场稳定性和工作频率，满足了工程要求。”
        QU Peihua,LIU Huachang,LI Ahong,PENG Jun,CHEN Qiang,WU Xiaolei,LI Bo,FAN Mengxu,WANG Yun,GONG Keyun
        Vol. 42, Issue 12, (2019) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2019.hjs.42.120202
        摘要：BackgroundThe Chinese spallation neutron source (CSNS) drift tube linac (DTL) accelerator has been put into operation since December 2015. During the low power measurement of the DTL cavity, except for DTL-1, the operating frequencies of DTL-2, DTL-3 and DTL-4 were all lower than the design value, and the frequency to be compensated exceeds the tuning range of the slug tuners. It was found that the insertion of the slug tuners was too deep and cavity modes were coupled, which destroyed the double-period chain of the cavity.PurposeThis study aims to change the DTL structure to make field stability meet the engineering requirements.MethodsThe computer simulation technology microwave studio (CST MS） was used to calculate the stability characteristics of the axial electric field, and the grouping rule of the post couplers (PCs) was given, which accelerated the tuning efficiency. The internal length of DTL-2 slug tuners reached the adjustment limitation, hence two movable tuners were changed from 50 mm to 60 mm to make the working frequency satisfy design requirements. The tuning rings were added to the PCs of DTL-3 and DTL-4 cavity to increase the frequency.ResultsExperimental results show that the field flatness was within ±2%, the stability was tuned to within ±150% / MHz, and the resonant frequency was adjusted to 323.9 MHz±10 kHz at 25 °C.ConclusionsWith structure adjustment for DTL, measurement results meet the engineering requirements.  
        关键词：Slug tuner;Field stabilization tuning;Resonant frequency;Double-period chain;Post coupler tuning ring   
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        发布时间：2024-10-25

        NUCLEAR ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION

      • “在放射性碘制备领域，专家研发了连续测量系统，实时监测气载放射性碘产率变化，为技术优化提供有力工具。”
        LIU Jiayu,XIN Zhiwei,LI Xiaoshuang,HE Linfeng,TANG Fangdong,ZHAO Chao
        Vol. 42, Issue 12, (2019) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2019.hjs.42.120401
        摘要：BackgroundEnvironment airborne radioiodine monitoring is important for the operation of nuclear power plants and public nuclear safety. The airborne radioiodine generation technique is essential for airborne radioiodine research, including its measurement technology and behavior characteristics. Although many airborne radioiodine generation techniques have been developed, little attention has been paid to higher performance generation techniques and detailed understanding of the generation process.PurposeThis study aims to develop a successive airborne radioiodine generation measurement system.MethodsTwo series-connected collection containers, two NaI(Tl) spectrometers, and one computer with self-developed software, were employed for the composition of this successive yield measurement system. In the process of airborne radioiodine generation, the series-connected collection containers were connected with the generation container for continuous airborne radioiodine collection whilst the NaI(Tl) spectrometers monitored radioiodine in the collection containers and generation container in real time. Meanwhile, the measured spectrum was sent to the computer and analyzed by self-developed software. Hence the change of yield with time during the generation of the airborne radioiodine could be reflected by the software. The major influences in the measurement were also discussed theoretically and experimentally, including interference of measurements between radioiodine in different containers and inconsistencies between radioiodine collection containers. Finally, the uncertainty analysis of this measurement result under typical working conditions was performed.ResultsThis measurement system was applicable to various airborne radioiodine generation techniques including inorganic iodine, organic iodine and aerosol iodine. The measurement period was adjustable. Considering the measurement frequency and uncertainty, the recommended measurement period was 20 s. Under typical working conditions, the expanded uncertainty of the measured yield was 2.5% (k=2) while yield was 90%.ConclusionsThis successive yield measurement system could be used to observe the detailed process of airborne radioiodine generation, and provide a powerful tool for the optimization of airborne radioiodine generation techniques.  
        关键词：Airborne radioiodine;131I;Successive yield measurement;Uncertainty analysis   
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        发布时间：2024-10-25

        NUCLEAR PHYSICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH

      • “在新型辐射探测仪领域，研究了SOI BOX PMOS的辐照响应特性，为研制新型辐射剂量探测仪提供解决方案。”
        SUN Jing,GUO Qi,ZHENG Qiwen,CUI Jiangwei,HE Chengfa,LIU Haitao,LIU Xuqiang,LIU Mengxin
        Vol. 42, Issue 12, (2019) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2019.hjs.42.120501
        摘要：BackgroundWith the rapid development of the aerospace industry, deep space environments, space stations, and long-life satellites have set higher requirements for space environment radiation dose detection technology. Positive channel metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) tubes based on silicon-on-insulator buried oxide (SOI BOX) is one of key candidate device for next-generation radiation detectors of high-sensitivity and wide-range irradiation sensors.PurposeThis study aims to investigate radiation response characteristics of an embeddable SOI radiation sensor.MethodsComprehensive radiation experiments were preformed to study the influence of irradiation bias on the sensitivity of SOI BOX PMOS, the sensitivity response difference in various radiation dose rate, the annealing characteristics of SOI BOX PMOS after irradiation and its influence on the sensitivity of radiation response, and the relationship between the width to length ratio of SOI box PMOS and its sensitivity.ResultsThe results show that the sensitivity of SOI BOX PMOS to radiation dose is better than that of traditional bulk silicon sensor under the same cumulative dose, and the threshold voltage drift of SOI BOX PMOS under irradiation bias. The irradiation change of threshold voltage is almost unaffected by annealing effect. Compared with wide-channel devices, threshold voltage drift of narrow-channel device is more obvious.ConclusionsThrough the design of the SOI BOX PMOSFET (Positive channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) structure, important research results such as adjusting the sensitivity of the detector and balancing the relationship with the range have important application value for the development of the next generation of new radiation dose detector.  
        关键词：RADFET sensors;SOI PMOSFET;Dosimeter   
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      • “中国散裂中子源实验缪子源项目，利用FLUKA模拟研究了高能质子束轰击碳靶过程，优化了屏蔽体结构，为维护人员提供低放射环境。”
        MU Qili,ZHOU Luping,JING Hantao,CHEN Yukai,WU Qingbiao,ZHANG Gang,ZHU Donghui,TANG Jingyu,YUAN Ye,MA Yugang
        Vol. 42, Issue 12, (2019) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2019.hjs.42.120502
        摘要：BackgroundChina Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) based on the spallation reaction is a large multi-principle research platform, which has been completed and began commissioning since August 2018. Experimental muon source (EMuS) is one of important research platforms constructed at CSNS in the future.PurposeThis study aims to design a simplified EMuS according to the multiple-stage construction plan.MethodsFirst of all, the processes of a high energy proton beam bombarding on a carbon target were simulated by employing FLUKA code based on Monte Carlo method. Then, the disposition of abandoned proton beam, energy deposition in target, muon production were analysed in details, background and whole target radiation and shielding scheme were investigated by simulation. [Result&ConclusionThe aluminum alloy is determined to be target chamber material according to the simulation. The residual radiation dose can be controlled to below 2.5 μSv·h-1 with optimal geometry structure, providing a low-radiation environment for the maintenance.  
        关键词：High-energy proton beam;Surface muon source;Energy deposition;Inducing radiation;Radiation shielding   
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      • “华中科技大学研究团队在质子治疗装置束流线能量选择段真空系统设计方面取得重要进展，通过MOLFLOW软件模拟，验证了真空室的动态真空度和机械强度均满足系统设计要求。”
        CHEN Aote,LIU Xu,WANG Jian,LIANG Zhikai,LIU Kaifeng,QIN Bin
        Vol. 42, Issue 12, Article number: 120503(2019) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2019.hjs.42.120503
        摘要：BackgroundEnergy selection section (ESS) is an important part of the beam line of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Proton Therapy Facility (HUST-PTF). It is located downstream of the cyclotron and includes a set of quadrupoles, a kicker magnet system, an energy degrader system and a double bending achromatic (DBA) section. Various types of vacuum pipe and several inserts are placed in this section. What's worse, large radiation exists in the downstream of the degrader.PurposeThis study aims at the design of the vacuum system and the selection of the vacuum pump to satisfy system requirements for better than 5×10-4 Pa dynamic vacuum pressure.MethodsFirst of all, the ESS vacuum system was simulated by Monte Carlo method in the MOLFLOW software. Then the pressure distributions under different working conditions were analyzed, and the mechanical strength of various vacuum pipe was calculated and checked.ResultsThe simulation results show that the pressure in the ESS is lower than 4.14×10-5 Pa, an order of magnitude better than the system requirement. The mechanical deformation of various vacuum pipes is less than 0.3 mm, avoiding the extra beam loss.ConclusionsBoth of the dynamic vacuum pressure and the mechanical strength can meet the design requirements.  
        关键词：Vacuum system;Energy selection section;Vacuum chamber;MOLFLOW;Beam line   
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        发布时间：2024-10-25

        NUCLEAR ENERGY SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

      • “在核反应堆领域，专家通过实验研究了燃料包壳破损时裂变气体释放的影响因素，为判断破损程度提供参考。”
        LI Leihao,DONG Bing,LI Chenyue,YIN Junlian,WANG Dezhong
        Vol. 42, Issue 12, (2019) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2019.hjs.42.120601
        摘要：BackgroundWhen fuel rod cladding failure occurs, the defect needs to be determined and information needs to be provided for system response in time. Escape rate of fission gas is adopted to reflect the defect size. However, there is hardly researches on mechanisms of gas release.PurposeThis paper studies the effect of unsteady process, the pressure and temperature of the coolant on the instantaneous escape rate of the rod cladding breach by experimental simulation.MethodsFirst of all, the experimental apparatus was designed on the base of geometric similarity, flow similarity and flashing similarity. Then, influence of coolant pressure and temperature in a subchannel was investigated by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods. Effect of flashing on unsteady process and escape rate in short-term were analysed.ResultsThe results indicate that unsteady process has no distinct effect on release of gas at defect size of 0.5 mm. Long-term escape rate remains steady during experiments and release process can be described by first-order kinetics. At the same coolant pressure, long-term escape rate increases when coolant temperature changes from 90 ℃ to 110 ℃. At the same coolant temperature, long-term escape rate decreases when coolant pressure changes from 0.3 MPa to 0.5 MPa.ConclusionsA negative correlation is found between long-term escape rate and subcooled temperature, which indicates that liquid layer formed on the defect has impact on fission gas release.  
        关键词：Fuel cladding failure;Unsteady process;Escape rate   
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      • “在核电安全领域，专家基于ANSYS建立安全壳结构三维精细化模型，验证了替代应变计监测数据的合理性，为安全壳变形监测提供解决方案。”
        LI Jianbo,LIANG Zhaorui,SONG Yongjun,YIN Xunqiang,SONG Yanlin,JIANG Bin
        Vol. 42, Issue 12, (2019) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2019.hjs.42.120602
        摘要：BackgroundOnline monitoring of containment deformation is an important method to evaluate the safety status of nuclear power plant during operation. Additional strain gauges are required to be installed on the outer wall of the shell when the embedded parts failed.PurposeThis study aims to verify whether the monitoring data of the additional strain gauges can reasonably reflect the law of internal deformation.MethodsFirst of all, based on the ANSYS software, a three-dimensional refined calculation model for the containment structure of a nuclear power unit CPR1000 was established. Among them, the solid reinforcement method and cooling method were used to simulate the prestressed tendons and the application of pretension. Then, the interactions between steel liner and concrete in the integral model were realized by considering the nodes coupling and the influence of ordinary rebars in concrete. Furthermore, the reasonable reliability of the established calculation model was verified by using ANSYS, and the monitoring data of the embedded monitoring strain gauges under the pressure test of nuclear power unit during the overhaul period. At the same time, the material parameters of the model were modified by sensitivity analysis of the parameters of concrete and prestress. Finally, the relationship between the internal deformation and external deformation of the containment structure and its variation rule was discussed under typical load.ResultsThe calculated results demonstrate that the calculated strain values of the modified model are in good agreement with the field monitoring results, and the wall thickness away from equipment hatch are linearly distributed when the value of elastic modulus of concrete is 45 GPa and other parameters are taken as the initial values.ConclusionsThe monitoring results of added strain gagues on the outer wall of containment building can well reflect the internal deformation law and the alternative is feasible.  
        关键词：Nuclear power unit;CPR1000;Added strain meter;Refinement simulation;ANSYS   
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      • “在托卡马克装置磁体系统研究中，专家对纵场磁体低温冷却系统进行热分析，确定了线圈排布匝数、冷却孔质量流速，计算了液氦流动压降，为磁体系统稳定运行提供解决方案。”
        HUANG Wei,LU Kun,ZHENG Jinxing,WU Qigang
        Vol. 42, Issue 12, Article number: 120603(2019) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2019.hjs.42.120603
        摘要：BackgroundThe cryogenic superconductivity of the conductor in the toroidal field magnet plays an important role in the stability of the whole Tokamak devices magnet system.PurposeThis study aims at the thermal analysis of cryogenic cooling system for the whole toroidal magnet.MethodsFirst of all, the coil configuration turns and the mass velocity of the cooling holes were determined after thermal analysis of cryogenic cooling system. Then the pressure drop of liquid helium flowing through the central cooling hole of the conductor was calculated to find the corresponding parameters.Results & ConclusionsThe analysis results show that under the same working conditions, the temperature difference values of the series components arranged by the coils are different. After comparison, the toroidal field magnet adopts the arrangement scheme with coil turns of 154. In order to ensure that the temperature of the toroidal field coil case and the conductor jacket are within the range of 20 K and 5 K respectively, the mass velocity of the inner cooling hole of the box wall and the central cooling hole of the toroidal field magnet are set to 3.6 g∙s-1 and 9.5 g∙s-1 respectively. Under the given mass velocity, the pressure drop of liquid helium in the central cooling hole of the winding conductor is 1.72×105 Pa.  
        关键词：Toroidal filed magnet;Thermal analysis;Mass flow rate;Pressure drop   
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