最新刊期
      卷 0 ， 期 0 ， 2020
      • WANG Yuqi SUN Jingxin ZHANG Zhiyong GUO Fanqing CHEN Hongmin JIANG Ping
        Issue 9, (2001)
        摘要：The binding of rare earth elements with proteins, polysaccharides (PSs), nucleic acid (DNA) in natural plant Dicranopteris Dichotoma (DD) was studied by molecular activation analysis (MAA). The REE bound proteins (RBP), polysaccharides (PSs) and DNA (REE-DNA) were obtained using biochemical separation techniques from the leaves of DD. Meanwhile, the contents of eight rare earth elements (La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb and Lu) were also measured by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The results showed that the REEs were firmly bound with the proteins, PSs and DNA in the leaves of DD. The molecular weights of RBP-Ⅰ and RBP-Ⅱ were 8.0×10 5u and <12400u, respectively. Most of the PSs bound with REEs were small molecular weight PSs (10000 to 20000u). The molecular weight of REE-DNA band was about 22kb in agarose gel electrophoresis.  
        关键词：Rare earth elements;Molecular activation analysis;Proteins;Polysaccharides;DNA   
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
      • ZHANG Guilin
        Issue 9, (2001)
        摘要：In this paper the atmospheric aerosols and water pollution in Shanghai were studied by the nuclear microprobe, then the pattern recognition technique was applied to trace the emitter source of aerosol particles. Three iron-containing atmospheric aerosols collected from different area zone were analyzed by Mssbauer spectroscopy, their chemical composition, size of particles and concentration were determined. The intensities of α, β radioactivity were determined by a low background detector.  
        关键词：Atmospheric aerosols;Nuclear microprobe;Mssbauer spectroscopy   
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
      • SHI Xianfeng SHEN Hao LIU Bo SUN Minde YAO Huiying ZHOU Shijun MI Yong
        Issue 9, (2001)
        摘要：The serious environmental pollution problem and application of the nuclear technique in environmental and medical sciences were discussed in this paper. The analysed results of the elemental distribution of particles in automobile exhaust,the aerosol particle of different size and the effect of Rare Earth on cells were reported. We can obtain some information related to element concentration. It offers us a convenient method in inspecting the environmental pollution.  
        关键词：Environmental pollution;Automobile exhaust particle;Biological effect of Rare Earth;Cell   
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
      • MAO Xueying
        Issue 9, (2001)
        摘要：The applications of nuclear analytical techniques for determination of iridium in the disastrous environment was briefly outlined. This study led to the outcome of the extraterrestrial impact model to interpret the biota mass extinction at the Cretaceous/Tertiary event. In the meantime, the nuclear analytical techniques for platinum group elements have been significantly improved.  
        关键词：Disastrous environment;Platinum group elements;Nuclear analytical technique   
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
      • SUN Hongfang WANG Haifang LIU Yuanfang
        Issue 9, (2001)
        摘要：Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is an ultrasensitive nuclear analytical technology. It is used for tracing 14 C labeled molecules in vivo or detecting the biomarker for assessment of carcinogenesis. In this review, wide applications in biomedical sciences and new progresses of 14 C-bio-AMS have been presented.  
        关键词：Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS);DNA adduction;Protein adduction;Biomarker;Xenobiotics;Trace   
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
      • ZHANG Peiqun CHAI Zhifang
        Issue 9, (2001)
        摘要：The great significance of biological environmental specimen bank (BESB) in the monitoring of global or local environment was expounded. The activities of the two biggest BESB in the world at present, which were built in the United States and Germany, were briefly described. The status of BESB established in our Nuclear Analytical Techniques Laboratory and some interesting results were also presented.  
        关键词：Biological environmental specimen bank;Environment monitoring;Nuclear analytical techniques   
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
      • YUAN Wanming WANG Shicheng ZHAI Pengji WANG Lanfen
        Issue 9, (2001)
        摘要：Solid track technique can play an important role in research, monitoring and prevention of the environment pollution and disaster. This work discussed the content and specialty of the study on volcanic disastrous environment, cosmic impact event, earthquake, engineering construction, radon level in towns and buildings, radiation dosage and uranium content of water bodies using the solid track method.  
        关键词：Environment;Solid track;Fission track;Disaster;Nuclear analysis   
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
      • CHAI Zhifang
        Issue 9, (2001)
        摘要：Several frontier fields in environmental sciences at the 21st century were successively outlined, including: (1) economic analysis and risk assessment; (2) environmental monitoring and ecology; (3) chemicals and environment; (4) energy system and environment; (5) industrial ecology; and (6) population and health. Afterwards, opportunity and challenge of nuclear analytical techniques in the mentioned-above environmental fields were explored. It was stated that (1) the inherent features of nuclear analytical techniques should be fully used and exploited; (2) the role of nuclear analytical techniques in quantitative and scientific risk assessment of environmental pollutants should be strengthened; (3) the position of nuclear analytical techniques in quality assurance system of environmental monitoring should be clearly recognized; (4) the ability of nuclear analytical techniques in study of chemical speciation and its effects of pollutant should be made of use; (5) the nuclear analytical techniques for study of new molecular biomarker and environmental toxicology should be established; and (6) the application of nuclear analytical techniques in identification of new pollutants and their sources should be emphasized.  
        关键词：Nuclear analytical techniques;Environmental science   
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
      • ZHUANG Guoshun 1 GUO Jinghua 1 ZHOU Q 2 Duce R A 2 1
        Issue 9, (2001)
        摘要：Nuclear analysis (mainly neutron activation analysis) is a very powerful technology in elemental anaysis of aerosol with its low detection limit, high accuracy, and the unique advantage of non-destruction of the samples. The vast reliable data produced with nuclear analysis play a non-replaceable role in those great discoveries of the aerosol study. This paper reviewed those surprising finding of aerosol chemistry in the past two decades, especially, the impact of the aerosol from Asia and China on the productivity of the North Pacific and possibly on the global climate. This implies that the nuclear analysis plays an important role in the atmospheric environmental study.  
        关键词：Aerosol;Atmospheric environment;Nuclear analysis   
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
      • ZHANG Zhaohui 1 SHAO Jing 2 CHAI Zhifang 1 MAO Xueying 1 1
        Issue 9, (2001)
        摘要：Epiphytic mosses and lichens have great potentiality for biomonitoring the atmospheric heavy metal deposition. The characters of biomonitors, structure and classification of mosses and lichens, the history of mosses and lichens used as biomonitors and the future trend on this research field were reviewed.  
        关键词：Lichen;Moss;Biomonitor;Heavy metal   
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
      • XU Lihong XIA Ye DU Huifang ZHOU Zuming
        Issue 9, (2001)
        摘要：The application and toxicology of lead-free gasoline additives including methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl tert-amyl ether and Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl were reviewed. The application of accelerator mass spectrometry in genotoxicity research of environmental pollutant was introduced.  
        关键词：Gasoline additives;Environmental and health effects;Accelerator mass spectrometry   
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
      • LIU Kexin LI Kun MA Hongji GUO Zhiyu
        Issue 9, (2001)
        摘要：Some important work worldwide in environmental science, like urban air pollution, discharges of radioactive wastes from nuclear plants, and global climate change were introduced. Based on the improvements of facility and studies on 14 C dating method, a precision better than 0.5 % has been reached for the PKUAMS. A large number of samples have been measured for the Xia-Shang-Zhou Chronology project. 14 C data of PKUAMS have made important contributions to creation of more reliable chronological table of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. The improvements of PKUAMS are of benefit to the applications in environmental science in the future.  
        关键词：AMS;14 C dating;14 CO tracer;Project of Xia-Shang-Zhou Chronology   
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
      • HUA Luo WANG Xunqing
        Issue 9, (2001)
        摘要：The concept, research scopes, research progress and achievement of nuclear agricultural sciences in past several decades in China, as well as the relationship between nuclear agriculture research and eco-environmental sciences were described. The disciplinary frontier, major research fields and priority developmental fields of nuclear agriculture in eco-environmental sciences was displayed. Suggestions were made to improve and strengthen nuclear agriculture research. Those provided basic source materials and consideration for application developmental strategy of nuclear agriculture in eco-environmental sciences.  
        关键词：Nuclear agriculture;Eco-environmental sciences in agriculture;Developmental strategy   
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
      • HE Yong
        Issue 9, (2001)
        摘要：A set of potential parameters for modeling zircon structure by atomistic simulation techniques was obtained in this paper. A reasonable structure model of zircon was established by fitting important properties of zircon. Based on the equilibrium configuration, the formation energies of the basic point defects and the intrinsic disorders in zircon were calculated. The calculated heats of solution of substituting Pu for Zr in different ratios showed that there was an immiscible gap at the composition ratio (Pu 75mol%-Zr 25mol%), which means that the amount of substituting Pu for Zr should be confinded in 50mol% when using zircon to immobilize Pu.  
        关键词：Zircon;Nuclear waste host;Atomistic simulation technique;Defect structure   
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
      • CAO Guobin SONG Youqun CHEN Qing ZHOU Qiulan CAO Yun WANG Chunhe
        Issue 9, (2001)
          
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        发布时间：2021-03-12
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