熔盐热扩散法在钨上制备镍铬复合涂层

曹雪山; 戴建兴; 张伟; 俞国军

doi:10.3724/j.0253-3219.2026.hjs.49.240521

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熔盐热扩散法在钨上制备镍铬复合涂层

核化学、放射化学、放射性药物和核医学 | 更新时间：2026-01-19

- 熔盐热扩散法在钨上制备镍铬复合涂层
- Preparation of Ni-Cr composite coatings on tungsten by molten salt thermal diffusion method
- 核技术 2026年49卷第1期文章编号：010302
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院上海应用物理研究所上海 201800
  2.中国科学院大学北京 100049
- 作者简介：
  
  曹雪山，男，1999年出生，2022年毕业于湖北科技学院，现为硕士研究生，研究领域为放射性同位素电池
  俞国军，E-mail：yuguojun@sinap.ac.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  中国科学院战略性先导科技专项“深海/深渊智能技术及海底原位科学实验站”(XDA22000000)
- DOI：10.3724/j.0253-3219.2026.hjs.49.240521
  中图分类号： TL77
- 收稿：2024-12-19，
  
  修回：2025-06-19，
  
  纸质出版：2026-01-15
- 稿件说明：
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曹雪山,戴建兴,张伟等.熔盐热扩散法在钨上制备镍铬复合涂层[J].核技术,2026,49(01):010302.

CAO Xueshan,DAI Jianxing,ZHANG Wei,et al.Preparation of Ni-Cr composite coatings on tungsten by molten salt thermal diffusion method[J].NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES,2026,49(01):010302.
曹雪山,戴建兴,张伟等.熔盐热扩散法在钨上制备镍铬复合涂层[J].核技术,2026,49(01):010302. DOI： 10.3724/j.0253-3219.2026.hjs.49.240521. CSTR： 32193.14.hjs.CN31-1342/TL.2026.49.240521.

CAO Xueshan,DAI Jianxing,ZHANG Wei,et al.Preparation of Ni-Cr composite coatings on tungsten by molten salt thermal diffusion method[J].NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES,2026,49(01):010302. DOI： 10.3724/j.0253-3219.2026.hjs.49.240521. CSTR： 32193.14.hjs.CN31-1342/TL.2026.49.240521.

摘要

钨是一种

Sr放射性同位素温差电池中常用的屏蔽材料，但是其高温抗氧化性能较差。为了提高它在高温工作条件下的抗氧化性能，本文采用熔盐热扩散法在钨上制备了一种镍铬复合涂层。通过扫描电子显微镜，能量色谱仪和X射线衍射仪对不同熔盐温度下制备的涂层进行了表征。同时，采用循环氧化测试和恒温氧化测试方法评估了涂层的抗氧化性和抗剥落性，并利用压痕法测试了涂层与基底的结合力。结果表明，涂层的主要物相组成为γ-（Ni，Cr）。当熔盐温度为950 ℃时，涂层表面呈块状，其中的杂质P元素逐渐消失，制备的镍

铬涂层更加纯净，且具有良好的抗氧化性和抗剥落性。经研究发现，该样品氧化后在表面形成了致密的Cr

，涂层具有最强的附着力，呈现细晶结构。因此，950 ℃是一个合适的熔盐热扩散法制备镍铬涂层的温度。

Abstract

Background

Tungsten is a commonly used shielding material in

Sr radioisotope thermoelectric generators; however

its resistance to high-temperature oxidation is relatively poor.

Purpose

This study aims to enhance the oxidation resistance of tungsten in high-temperature conditions.

Methods

The molten salt thermal diffusion method was employed to prepare a nickel-chromium composite coating on tungsten. The coatings produced at different molten salt temperatures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)

and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Additionally

cyclic oxidation tests and isothermal oxidation tests were conducted to evaluate the oxidation resistance and spallation resistance of the coatings. The adhesion strength between the coatings and the substrate was also assessed using the indentation method.

Results

The XRD results indicate that the primary phase of the coatings is γ-(Ni

Cr). The SEM and EDS results indicate that the coating surface is blocky and that the impurity phosphorus (P) element gradually disappears when the molten salt temperature is 950 ℃. Oxidation tests demonstrate that the coating sample prepared at 950 ℃ exhibits excellent oxidation resistance and anti-spallation properties. Further characterization by SEM

XRD

and EDS reveals that a dense layer of Cr

forms on the surface of the oxidized sample while oxygen only exists on the coating surface and does not diffuse into the substrate. Adhesion tests confirm that the coating prepared at 950 ℃ possesses the highest adhesion and exhibits a fine crystalline structure.

Conclusions

Results of this study show that a temperature of 950 ℃ is optimal for preparing nickel-chromium coatings using the molten salt diffusion technique.

关键词

Keywords

references

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