高温熔盐流量标定平台物理和控制方案的优化

黄楠顺; 韩利峰; 张福春; 陈永忠; 梁子薇; 刘桂民

doi:10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.030604

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高温熔盐流量标定平台物理和控制方案的优化

核能科学与工程 | 更新时间：2021-05-19

- 高温熔盐流量标定平台物理和控制方案的优化
- Design and optimization for high temperature molten salts flow meter calibration platform
- 核技术 2017年40卷第3期文章编号：030604
- 作者机构：
  
  1.南华大学核科学技术学院衡阳 421001
  2.中国科学院上海应用物理研究所嘉定园区上海 201800
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "黄楠顺, 男, 1995年出生, 现为本科生, 核工程与核技术专业", "HUANG Nanshun, male, born in 1995, undergraduate, major in nuclear engineering and nuclear technology" ]
  韩利峰, E-mail:hanlifeng@sinap.ac.cn HAN Lifeng, E-mail:hanlifeng@sinap.ac.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  中国科学院战略先导科技专项(XDA02010300)
- DOI：10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.030604
  中图分类号： TL99
- 收稿日期：2016-08-10，
  
  修回日期：2016-09-21，
  
  纸质出版日期：2017-03-10
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
黄楠顺, 韩利峰, 张福春, 等. 高温熔盐流量标定平台物理和控制方案的优化[J]. 核技术, 2017,40(3):030604

Nanshun HUANG, Lifeng HAN, Fuchun ZHANG, et al. Design and optimization for high temperature molten salts flow meter calibration platform[J]. Nuclear techniques, 2017, 40(3): 030604
黄楠顺, 韩利峰, 张福春, 等. 高温熔盐流量标定平台物理和控制方案的优化[J]. 核技术, 2017,40(3):030604 DOI： 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.030604.

Nanshun HUANG, Lifeng HAN, Fuchun ZHANG, et al. Design and optimization for high temperature molten salts flow meter calibration platform[J]. Nuclear techniques, 2017, 40(3): 030604 DOI： 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.030604.

摘要

高温熔盐流量计在高温熔盐反应堆、太阳能发电、高温制氢等熔盐集热储能装置中具有良好的应用前景。而目前市场上流量计受材料特性的影响，最高只能在535℃以下使用，并不能满足这些应用场合的高温运行环境要求。研究表明通过改进超声波流量计波导片增加其耐温性能，可满足大于650℃的高温测量要求，然而目前并没有标准的流量计或标定装置能对其进行标定。钍基熔盐堆（Thorium Molten Salt Reactor，TMSR）项目迫切需要建立一个熔盐流量标定平台，提供熔盐的标准流量标定，它的基本参数需满足目标流速1-5 m·s

-1

、工作温度小于800℃、管径约50 mm、标定误差小于5%、熔盐用量小于200 L等。构建了基于气压控制熔盐流速的物理模型，推导出系统流速的具体表达式，分析控制管道熔盐压差的比例、积分和微分（Proportion-Integration-Differentiation，PID）算法对流速稳定性的影响。通过MATLAB软件仿真，确定了可行性的控制方案参数，并为仪控元件的选型提供了依据。

Abstract

Background

High temperature flow meter has been widely applied in the molten salt reactor

solar power generation

high temperature hydrogen production

etc. With the limitation of the material characteristics

the flow meter can only be used in a temperature below 535℃. To be applied in high temperature more than 650℃ environment

the ultrasonic waveguide plate had been modified to raise the temperature resistance. However

there is no standard flow meter or calibration equipment for flow calibration.

Purpose

This study aims to design a stable and controllable molten salt flow platform for flow calibration with temperature less than 800℃

pipe diameter about 50 mm

measuring range 1-5 m·s

-1

and calibration error less than 5%.

Methods

Argon gas was used to control the velocity of the molten salt in the pipe connecting two tanks. The proportion-integration-differentiation (PID) closed-loop control system was employed to control the gas mass flow rate to achieve stable differential pressure and get more than 40-s calibration time. MATLAB simulation was conducted to get the optimization parameters and determine the control scheme of the calibration platform. Some factors affecting the stability of the flow rate are analyzed.

Results

The optimized scheme

by setting an initial liquid level difference

has been proven to be capable of reducing the total consumption of molten salt (

0.1 m

) and driving gas

and reducing the requirements of the mass flow meter. After calculation

it can get 40-s stable molten salt flow

reached velocity of 4 m·s

-1

and with a theoretical calibration error about 1.2%. Conclusions:The physical model of a high temperature molten salt flow meter calibration platform based on gas pressure control deduces a specific expression of the system flow rate. Optimized parameters provide reference for flow meter components selection.

关键词

Keywords

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