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1. 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 嘉定园区,中国科学院核辐射与核能技术重点实验室,上海,201800
2. 中国科学院大学,北京,100049
纸质出版日期:2015-03-09
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皮 力, 刘 卫, 张东勋, 等. 用氢同位素估算氚在熔盐堆结构材料中的渗透[J]. 核技术, 2015,38(3):030602
PI Li, LIU Wei, ZHANG Dongxun, et al. Estimation of permeability of tritium in structural materials of molten salt reactor based on hydrogen isotope[J]. Nuclear techniques, 2015, 38(3): 030602
皮 力, 刘 卫, 张东勋, 等. 用氢同位素估算氚在熔盐堆结构材料中的渗透[J]. 核技术, 2015,38(3):030602 DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2015.hjs.38.030602.
PI Li, LIU Wei, ZHANG Dongxun, et al. Estimation of permeability of tritium in structural materials of molten salt reactor based on hydrogen isotope[J]. Nuclear techniques, 2015, 38(3): 030602 DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2015.hjs.38.030602.
熔盐堆产生的氚在高温下透过结构材料管壁进入大气环境。为降低此危害,研究氚在堆结构材料中的渗透过程十分必要。针对熔盐堆常用的结构材料Hastelloy N、GH3535、Hastelloy C230、Hastelloy C276,本研究采用压力差驱动法,在400?700 oC和5?40 kPa的试验条件下,获得了氕、氘的渗透系数,并初步估算氚在该结构材料中的渗透。结果表明:氕、氘在镍基合金中的渗透通量与气体压力的平方根成正比,渗透系数随温度增大,与温度倒数的关系符合阿伦尼乌斯公式;氕、氘在成分相似的GH3535和Hastelloy N中渗透系数接近,与其它两种合金材料中渗透系数都在一个数量级内,在相同温度下两者渗透系数比值接近1.4,符合经典扩散理论;在400?700 oC内,氚在4种镍金合金中渗透过程的指前因子为1.1×10?7?1.6×10?7 mol?m?1?s?1?Pa?1/2,活化能为59?62 kJ?mol?1。
Background: Tritium
as a by-product in the core of Thorium-based Molten Salt Reactors (TMSRs)
easily diffuses through the structure materials at high temperatures and into the atmosphere. Purpose: To reduce the damage of tritium to the environment
it is necessary to research the permeation behaviors of tritium in the candidate structural materials of TMSRs. Methods: In this study
Hastelloy alloy C230
Hastelloy alloy C276
Hastelloy alloy N and GH3535
the candidate structural materials of TMSRs
were used. With the method of gas driven permeation
hydrogen and deuterium were used to simulate the permeation process of tritium and their permeabilities in these materials were examined at the temperature range of 400?700 oC. Results: The fluxes of hydrogen and deuterium were proportional to the square root of the gas pressure. Their permeabilities were a little different in these alloys and increased with experimental temperature. The relationship between the permeability and the reciprocal of the temperature was suit for Arrhenius formula. Conclusion: The permeabilities of hydrogen isotopes in GH3535 and Hastelloy alloy N are very close
which is in the same magnitude with that in Hastelloy alloy C230 and Hastelloy alloy C276. At the experimental temperatures
the ratios of the permeability between hydrogen and deuterium in these materials are all close to 1.4
which is consistent with the classical diffusion theory. According to the theory
pre-exponential factors for tritium permeation in these materials are 1.1×10?7?1.6×10?7 mol?m?1?s?1?Pa?1/2 and activation energy is 59?62 kJ?mol?1.Cited
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