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东北师范大学
纸质出版日期:1994-09-01
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[1]马维超,周明达,李忠民,牛纪桢,崔玉环.小型中子源14MeV中子慢化体结构的研究(Ⅱ)[J].核技术,1994(09):535-541.
A Study of the moderator Structure used in a small-size 14MeV neutron source(Ⅱ)[J]. Nuclear techniques, 1994, (9).
对天然铀和聚乙烯的各种组合进行了计算,结果可见:用2—2.5cm厚的天然铀紧包14MeV中子源,在离源面2—3cm范围内使用热中子为最佳,用浓缩铀作增强物,只有当离源一定距离放置时,才能比天然铀有较好的效果。讨论了在由高浓缩铀和聚乙烯组成的、几何尺寸与上面计算相同的次临界系统中使用天然铀或铅增强物对14MeV中子源的倍增情况,得出天然铀和铅在该次临界系统中仍有明显的增强作用;在合适的结构中,设k为该次临界系统中的有效增殖因数,则可使增强因子M接近甚至大于(1-k)-1。
A variety of moderator structures composed of natural uranium and polyethylene were calculated
showing that the best arrangement is to wrap the 14 MeV neutron source with a layer of 2-2.5cm natural uranium and to use thermal neutrons at a distance of 2-3cm from the surface of uranium. When the enriched uranium is used as the intensifying material
only at a certain distance from the source can it have better effect than natural uranium. The subcritical multiplying systems composed of polyethylene and fuel (polyethylene mixed with enriched uranium) with the same dimension as mentioned above were also calculated. Natural uranium and lead were found to still have significant enhancement for 14 MeV neutron source in the systems. In a subcritical system with proper structure
the intensifying factor M can be close to or even greater than (1-k)-1 where k is effective multiplication constant of the system.
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