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中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所
纸质出版日期:2010-07-01
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[1]张昌繁,龚建,刘素萍,胡广春,向永春.基于γ与中子探测的钚元件模板测量方法研究[J].核技术,2010,33(07):506-512.
ZHANG Changfan GONG Jian LIU Suping HU Guangchun XIANG Yongchun. Template measurement of plutonium pit based on γ-ray and neutron detection[J]. Nuclear techniques, 2010, 33(7): 506-512.
钚元件的模板测量是深度核裁军中的重要核查方法。钚元件的类型决定其γ能谱具有独特的特征:即如果两种钚部件设计相同
γ能谱是相似的
否则会出现差异。目前
钚元件模板测量主要是从申报钚元件衰变产生γ能谱中提取反映类型的特征量作为模板
将核查对象的特征量与模板进行比较
从而判断核查对象与申报钚部件是否属于同一类型。本文研究了从γ能谱中提取信息作为判别钚元件结构的模板数据的局限性:由于钚材料对γ射线的自吸收作用较强
在某些特定场景下仅依靠γ能谱不能有效辨别核查物与作为模板的钚元件的结构是否一致。通过MCNP模拟对该问题进行了验证。进一步研究发现在测量γ能谱的同时
测量钚元件自发裂变的中子计数率可以改善这个问题。
Template measurement is of importance in deep nuclear disarmament.The γ-ray spectrum of plutonium pit shows unique property due to age
isotopic abundance and mass of the plutonium pit.The pits of the same design have similar γ-ray spectra
but the spectrum differs form that of a pit in different design.Useful information can be extracted from γ-ray spectrum generated by using a standard plutonium pit as a template.A comparison between the inspected objects and the template leads to conclusion whether they are of the same type.In this paper
we study how to choose the template data from γ-ray spectrum and discuss limitations of using the γ-ray spectrum only.Because of strong self-absorption of plutonium
some characteristics of plutonium pit cannot be identified by the gamma spectrum only.MCNP simulations were employed to prove that
in some cases
template depending on just the γ-ray spectrum cannot effectively distinguish the spurious objects.And a further approach indicates that enhancing neutron counting rate of spontaneous fission of plutonium can improve the model identification.
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