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北京大学
收稿日期:1981-04-04,
纸质出版日期:1982-10
移动端阅览
陈铁梅. 液体闪烁计数法应用于14C年代测定的实验误差分析[J]. 核技术, 1982,05(5):48-49,43.
Tiemei Chen. Analysis of experimental errors in liquid scintillation counting in radiocarbon dating[J]. Nuclear techniques, 1982, 05(5): 48-49,43.
14
C年代测定方法在地质、考古等学科中得到广泛的应用。被测样品的年代
T
是通过测量样品中残存的
14
C放射性比度
A
与大气
14
C比度
A
0
之比,利用公式
T
=82671n(
A
0
/
A
)(年)计算而得。为建立我国”现代碳”标准样,我们于1980年用液体闪烁法对一系列
14
C标准样作了标定。我们使用FJ-353型液体闪烁计数器和自制的放大分析器,采用了甄别单路小脉冲的串光甄别线路,对探头附加了铅屏蔽。仪器对
14
C的探测效率
η
=73%,本底
B
=5.7cpm,优值
η
2
/
B
近1000。表1中列出某一标准样五次重复制样测量的结果。样品燃烧成CO
2
,CO
2
在真空系统中经一系列化学转换,最后聚合成苯。合成的苯既是闪烁液的溶剂,同时也是待测对象。每次测量用苯量为5ml,测量时间2000分钟。
Radiocarbon dating involves a comparison of the specific
β
-activity of the sample (A) with that of the modern reference standard (A
0
) . The age of the sample is given by: T=82671n (A
0
/A) (year) . As the sample and the standard are prepared and counted in the same way
it is usually only the statistics of counting is taken into consideration. However
in practice
errors introduced in experimental techniques are not the same for sample and standard. Some foreseeable sources of errors in liquid scintillation counting are investigated in this paper. An overall precision in the activity-ratio A
0
/A of about 0.5% is achieved.
I. V. Ollson ed. , Radiocarbon variations and absolute chronology , 1970 , p. 513 .
P. E. Damon et al . , Ann . Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. , 6 , 457 ( 1978 ).
H. Oeschger et al . , A box diffusion model to study the carbon diexide exchange in nature, tel . 27 , 1975 , p. 168 .
北京大学考古专业 14 C年代实验室 , 文物 , 12 , 80 ( 1976 ).
原思训 等 , 地震地质 , 2 , 3 , 73 ( 1980 ).
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