Super-resolution reconstruction of synchrotron radiation nano-CT images and its applications

PENG Zhen; WANG Ao; WANG Jun; TAO Fen; ZHANG Ling; DU Guohao; DENG Biao

doi:10.3724/j.0253-3219.2026.hjs.49.250034

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Super-resolution reconstruction of synchrotron radiation nano-CT images and its applications

SYNCHROTRON RADIATION TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS | 更新时间：2026-01-19

- Super-resolution reconstruction of synchrotron radiation nano-CT images and its applications
- NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES Vol. 49, Issue 1, Article number: 010101(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.上海大学上海 200444
  2.上海理工大学上海 200093
  3.中国科学院上海高等研究院上海光源中心上海 201204
- 作者简介：
  
  PENG Zhen, male, born in 2000, graduated from Dezhou University in 2022, master student, focusing on CT image processing
  DENG Biao, E-mail: dengb@sari.ac.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  Development Program for Basic Research of China(2021YFA1600700;2021YFA1601001);National Natural Science Foundation of China(12275343)
- DOI：10.3724/j.0253-3219.2026.hjs.49.250034
  CLC： TP391;TL99
- Received：21 January 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-03-19，
  
  Published：15 January 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
彭真,汪澳,汪俊等.同步辐射纳米CT图像超分辨率重建及其应用研究[J].核技术,2026,49(01):010101.

PENG Zhen,WANG Ao,WANG Jun,et al.Super-resolution reconstruction of synchrotron radiation nano-CT images and its applications[J].NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES,2026,49(01):010101.
彭真,汪澳,汪俊等.同步辐射纳米CT图像超分辨率重建及其应用研究[J].核技术,2026,49(01):010101. DOI： 10.3724/j.0253-3219.2026.hjs.49.250034. CSTR： 32193.14.hjs.CN31-1342/TL.2026.49.250034.

PENG Zhen,WANG Ao,WANG Jun,et al.Super-resolution reconstruction of synchrotron radiation nano-CT images and its applications[J].NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES,2026,49(01):010101. DOI： 10.3724/j.0253-3219.2026.hjs.49.250034. CSTR： 32193.14.hjs.CN31-1342/TL.2026.49.250034.

摘要

同步辐射纳米CT（Nano-Computed Tomography）技术因其能够在纳米尺度上提供高分辨率三维结构信息，在材料科学、能源、地质学等多个学科领域发挥着重要作用。然而，环境干扰、设备精度限制及光源强度波动等因素导致纳米CT图像信噪比降低、模糊和细节丢失，影响定量分析的准确性。针对这一挑战，本研究在缺少纳米CT数据集的情况下，提出了一种基于Transformer的图像超分辨率（Super-resolution，SR）网络，专门用于提高纳米CT图像的质量，还探究其对裂纹分割等后续分析任务的优化效果。该网络采用U型对称结构，融合了双卷积前馈网络和分组式多尺度窗口自注意力机制，以实现高效的纳米CT图像超分辨率重建。实验结果表明，该网络在计算效率和多个评价指标上均优于SwinIR和Real-ESRGAN模型。在裂纹分割中任务中，经该网络处理后的图像裂纹分割准确率达到99.3%，召回率提升了24.5%，验证了图像超分辨率重建技术在裂纹分割预处理中的有效性。

Abstract

Background

Synchrotron radiation nano-computed tomography (nano-CT) is widely applied in materials science

energy research

and geology due to its capability to provide high-resolution three-dimensional structural information at the nanoscale. However

environmental interference

equipment limitations

and light source fluctuations often degrade image quality

leading to reduced signal-to-noise ratio

blurring

and loss of critical details

which severely impact quantitative analysis and segmentation accuracy for microstructures such as cracks and pores. While existing super-resolution (SR) techniques for natural images have significant advantages

their adaptation to nano-CT remains challenged by dataset scarcity and stringent reconstruction accuracy requirements.

Purpose

This study aims to develop a dedicated super-resolution reconstruction network for synchrotron radiation nano-CT images to enhance the clarity and detail restoration of low-quality CT images and investigate its efficacy in optimizing downstream tasks such as crack segmentation.

Methods

Firstly

a Transformer-based U-shaped symmetric network for SR (UTSR) was proposed

integrating a Double Convolutional Feedforward Network (DCFFN) and a Grouped Multi-scale Window Self-Attention (GMSA) mechanism to achieve efficient reconstruction through multi-level feature extraction and hierarchical processing. Then

a transfer learning strategy was adopted

leveraging natural image datasets for pre-training and fine-tuning the model with nano-CT data from the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) to address dataset scarcity. Finally

a Sobel edge loss function was introduced to prioritize texture preservation

and a two-stage training framework (general image pre-training and nano-CT fine-tuning) was implemented to optimize model performances in terms of Natural Image Quality Evaluator (NIQE)

Learned Perceptual Image Patch Similarity (LPIPS)

Deep Image Structure and Texture Similarity (DISTS)

Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM).

Results

Comparison results show that UTSR demonstrates superior performance on both simulated and nano-CT datasets: it achieves lower NIQE (9.38) and LPIPS (0.312) scores compared to SwinIR and Real-ESRGAN

alongside reduced computational complexity (45.72G FLOPs). When applied to crack segmentation

UTSR-processed images attain an accuracy of 99.3%

with a 24.5% improvement in recall and a 19.1% increase in F1 Score over original images. Ablation experiments confirm the effectiveness of the DCFFN module

where its combination with GMSA further reduces NIQE to 10.99.

Conclusions

The UTSR network effectively addresses the challenges of low-quality synchrotron radiation nano-CT images and scarce datasets through its innovative architecture and transfer learning strategy

providing a robust preprocessing solution for microstructural analysis

hence expands the application of deep learning-based super-resolution in scientific imaging

offering substantial academic and engineering value.

关键词

Keywords

references

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