Design and test of a miniaturized lightweight superconducting heavy-ion gantry

ZHU Xinlong; MA Lizhen; SHI Jian; YANG Wenjie; YAO Junjie; ZHANG Zongzheng; SHEN Huiling; HU Nan; LI Deyuan; PENG Weizhuang; ZHU Yi; FAN Pengfei; HE Xuehai; SHENG Wei; DENG Xiuzhen; YANG Chunxiao; RUI Tenghui; QIAO Weiyu

doi:10.3724/j.0253-3219.2026.hjs.49.240490

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Design and test of a miniaturized lightweight superconducting heavy-ion gantry

ACCELERATOR, RAY TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS | 更新时间：2026-01-19

- Design and test of a miniaturized lightweight superconducting heavy-ion gantry
- NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES Vol. 49, Issue 1, Article number: 010202(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学技术大学合肥 230026
  2.兰州泰基离子技术有限公司兰州 730000
  3.国科离子（杭州）医疗科技有限公司杭州 310000
- 作者简介：
  
  ZHU Xinlong, male, born in 1987, graduated from Wuhan University of Science and Technology with a master's degree in 2013, doctoral student, focusing on mechanical design
  MA Lizhen, E-mail: malz@impcas.ac.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  National Key Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology(2022YFC2401500)
- DOI：10.3724/j.0253-3219.2026.hjs.49.240490
  CLC： TL503
- Received：29 November 2024，
  
  Revised：2025-06-18，
  
  Published：15 January 2026
- 稿件说明：
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朱新龙,马力祯,石健等.一种小型轻量化超导重离子旋转机架的设计及测试[J].核技术,2026,49(01):010202.

ZHU Xinlong,MA Lizhen,SHI Jian,et al.Design and test of a miniaturized lightweight superconducting heavy-ion gantry[J].NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES,2026,49(01):010202.
朱新龙,马力祯,石健等.一种小型轻量化超导重离子旋转机架的设计及测试[J].核技术,2026,49(01):010202. DOI： 10.3724/j.0253-3219.2026.hjs.49.240490. CSTR： 32193.14.hjs.CN31-1342/TL.2026.49.240490.

ZHU Xinlong,MA Lizhen,SHI Jian,et al.Design and test of a miniaturized lightweight superconducting heavy-ion gantry[J].NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES,2026,49(01):010202. DOI： 10.3724/j.0253-3219.2026.hjs.49.240490. CSTR： 32193.14.hjs.CN31-1342/TL.2026.49.240490.

摘要

重离子（碳离子）用于肿瘤放射治疗具有物理学和生物学两方面的优势，然而由于其磁刚度大，采用常规磁铁设计的旋转机架结构庞大，应用严重受限。兰州泰基离子技术有限公司在国家重点研发计划（小型化重离子治疗装置项目）的支撑下，研发了一款基于弧形复合超导磁体的小型化轻量化重离子旋转机架，其旋转半径为5.9 m，总重量为165 t。此外，治疗头经过优化设计，满足多离子（碳离子、质子、氦离子及氧离子）的治疗需求。文中详细介绍了此旋转机架的束线设计、结构设计及工程样机测试。通过样机测试，各项精度指标符合设计要求。同时，代入复合超导磁体位置误差的束线计算结果表明，等中心处的束斑能够满足治疗需要，验证了设计方案的可行性和合理性，为下一步加载离子束进行全面测试奠定了基础。

Abstract

Background

Particle therapy

particularly carbon ion therapy

has emerged as a promising modality for tumor treatment

offering advantages in physical dose distribution and biological damage to the target. However

gantries with room-temperature magnet designs utilized in such therapies exhibit high magnetic stiffness

which significantly constrains the efficiency and scalability of large rotating systems.

Purpose

This study aims to present the design and engineering validation of a novel miniaturized lightweight heavy ion gantry incorporating superconducting magnets.

Methods

Firstly

the gantry was designed based on arc-shaped composite superconducting magnets with a bending radius of 2 m and a bending angle of 45°

and the symmetric beam spot method was employed to optimize the beam optics

ensuring consistent beam spot size during rotation. Then

finite element analysis was performed to optimize the main structure

reducing the rotating part weight from 150.6 t to 135 t through zero-order optimization methods while maintaining structural integrity. Finally

a full-scale engineering prototype was fabricated and tested

including stress measurements at 20 monitoring points during 360° rotation and precision testing of the isocenter using laser tracking systems.

Results

The stress test results show that the deviations between calculated and measured stress at 20 monitoring points are less than 10% for most locations

with a maximum stress of 49 MPa at 0° position. The measured isocenter displacement envelope radius is 0.27 mm

which is less than the design requirement of 0.5 mm. The gantry achieves a maximum rotation speed of 6°·s

-1

with an acceleration time of 10.7 s

and the emergency braking overshoot angle is 4°

meeting all technical specifications. Furthermore

beam simulation results incorporating the position errors of superconducting magnets demonstrate that the beam spot at the isocenter satisfies clinical treatment requirements.

Conclusions

The successful development of a miniaturized lightweight heavy ion gantry in this study with a rotation radius of 5.9 m and a total weight of 165 t

represents a significant reduction of approximately 73% in weight compared to conventional room-temperature magnet gantries (>600 t). The achieved isocenter positioning accuracy of 0.27 mm and stress deviation of less than 10% validate the reliability of the superconducting magnet-based design. This study provides a practical and cost-effective solution for heavy ion therapy facilities

laying a solid foundation for future clinical applications and full-beam testing.

关键词

Keywords

references

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