Development of a harmonic rejection mirror system at the NFPSS-BL17B beamline

LU Lanlu; JIANG Luozhen; LIU Yang; BAO Kangwen; LI Chunyu; WU Tingting; ZHU Zhongjie; GU Yijun; TANG Jianchao; XIAO Qingjie; ZHANG Yupu; ZHANG Weizhe; ZHOU Shuyu; YANG Yayun; JIANG Zheng; QIN Wenming

doi:10.3724/j.0253-3219.2025.hjs.48.240498

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Development of a harmonic rejection mirror system at the NFPSS-BL17B beamline

SYNCHROTRON RADIATION TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS | 更新时间：2025-11-27

- Development of a harmonic rejection mirror system at the NFPSS-BL17B beamline
- NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES Vol. 48, Issue 11, Article number: 110104(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院上海应用物理研究所上海 201800
  2.中国科学院上海高等研究院国家蛋白质科学研究上海设施上海 201210
  3.中国科学技术大学国家同步辐射实验室合肥 230029
  4.中国科学院大学北京 100049
  5.上海擎朗智能科技有限公司上海 201206
- 作者简介：
  
  LU Lanlu, female, born in 1991, graduated from Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences with a master of engineering degree in 2013, focusing on X-ray absorption spectroscopy methodology and its applications
  JIANG Zheng, E-mail: jiangz@ustc.edu.cn
  QIN Wenming, E-mail: qinwenming@sari.ac.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Technology Talent Program(2021000022)
- DOI：10.3724/j.0253-3219.2025.hjs.48.240498
  CLC： TL99
- Received：05 December 2024，
  
  Revised：2025-03-10，
  
  Published：15 November 2025
- 稿件说明：
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卢兰露,蒋罗震,刘洋等.蛋白质设施BL17B线站高次谐波抑制镜系统研制[J].核技术,2025,48(11):110104.

LU Lanlu,JIANG Luozhen,LIU Yang,et al.Development of a harmonic rejection mirror system at the NFPSS-BL17B beamline[J].NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES,2025,48(11):110104.
卢兰露,蒋罗震,刘洋等.蛋白质设施BL17B线站高次谐波抑制镜系统研制[J].核技术,2025,48(11):110104. DOI： 10.3724/j.0253-3219.2025.hjs.48.240498. CSTR： 32193.14.hjs.CN31-1342/TL.2025.48.240498.

LU Lanlu,JIANG Luozhen,LIU Yang,et al.Development of a harmonic rejection mirror system at the NFPSS-BL17B beamline[J].NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES,2025,48(11):110104. DOI： 10.3724/j.0253-3219.2025.hjs.48.240498. CSTR： 32193.14.hjs.CN31-1342/TL.2025.48.240498.

摘要

在低能区X射线吸收精细结构（X-ray Absorption Fine Structure，XAFS）实验中，高次谐波污染会导致数据振幅衰减和谱形失真，从而影响结构解析的可靠性。上海同步辐射光源（Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility，SSRF）蛋白质设施（National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai，NFPSS）BL17B线站在低能区XAFS实验中亦面临该问题。为此，本文基于BL17B的光学特性，研制了一种高次谐波抑制镜（Harmonic Rejection Mirror，HRM）系统，以提升实验数据的质量和可靠性。首先，采用XOP软件对BL17B的光学系统进行模拟，验证了HRM双平面反射镜结构设计的可行性，确定了Ni/Rh双镀层、固定5.8 mrad掠入射角以及镀层尺寸等关键参数。其次，通过精密机械结构设计，使HRM具备掠入射角调节、光路对准及镀层切换多维调节能力，以适应不同实验需求。在安装与调试阶段，采用全反射临界能量法解决掠入射角精准控制的难题，确保HRM达到设计要求。最后，结合单色器摇摆曲线测试和XAFS实验，对HRM的谐波抑制能力进行评估。实验结果表明，该HRM可将5~10 keV能区内的有效高次谐波含量抑制在10

-4

以下，同时保持基波通过率高于70%。全反射临界能量法实现了掠入射角0.01 mrad的校准精度，确保了HRM按设计运行。在5 keV条件下，HRM有效提高了光束的单色性，并显著改善了Ti箔的XAFS光谱质量，消除了谱形失真。该HRM的应用成功将BL17B XAFS实验的能量下限从10 keV拓展至5 keV，显著提升了低能区XAFS实验能力，并为同步辐射光源的高次谐波抑制提供了技术参考。

Abstract

Background

Harmonic contamination is a major issue in low-energy X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) experiments

leading to amplitude attenuation and spectral distortion

which compromise the reliability of structural analysis. The BL17B beamline

part of the National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai (NFPSS) and operated within the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF)

also faces this challenge in its low-energy XAFS experiments.

Purpose

This study aims to develop a Harmonic Rejection Mirror (HRM) system tailored to the optical characteristics of the BL17B beamline at SSRF to improve the quality and reliability of XAFS data.

Methods

Firstly

the simulation software XOP was applied to modelling the optical system of BL17B

confirming the feasibility of the HRM system based on a dual-plane mirror design. Key parameters

including the use of Ni and Rh coatings

a fixed grazing incidence angle of 5.8 mrad

and coating dimensions

were optimized accordingly. Then

a precise mechanical structure was designed

enabling multi-dimensional adjustments

including grazing incidence angle tuning

optical alignment

and coating switching to accommodate different experimental requirements. During installation and commissioning

the total reflection critical energy measurement method was employed to address the challenge of accurate grazing incidence angle control

ensuring the system met design specifications. Finally

the performance of HRM was evaluated by monochromator rocking curve measurements and XAFS experiments.

Results

Experimental results show that the HRM effectively suppresses effective harmonic contamination to below 10

-4

in 5~10 keV while maintaining a fundamental beam transmission above 70%. The total reflection critical energy measurement method achieves a grazing incidence angle calibration precision of 0.01 mrad

ensuring that the HRM operates as designed. At 5 keV

the HRM signi

ficantly enhances beam monochromaticity and improves Ti foil XAFS data quality by eliminating spectral distortions.

Conclusions

The implementation of the HRM in this study successfully extends the lower energy limit of XAFS experiments at BL17B from 10 keV to 5 keV

significantly enhancing the capability of low-energy XAFS experiments

providing a valuable technical reference for harmonic suppression in synchrotron radiation sources.

关键词

Keywords

references

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