Research on thermo-physical properties of several typical molten salt coolants

Yuan JIN; Jinhui CHENG; Kun WANG; Xuehui AN; Guohong MA; Peng ZHANG; Zhong LI

doi:10.11889/j.0253-3219.2016.hjs.39.050604

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Research on thermo-physical properties of several typical molten salt coolants

更新时间：2021-05-25

- Research on thermo-physical properties of several typical molten salt coolants
- NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES Vol. 39, Issue 5, Article number: 050604(2016)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.上海大学上海 200444;
  2.中国科学院上海应用物理研究所嘉定园区上海 201800
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11889/j.0253-3219.2016.hjs.39.050604
  CLC： TL343
- Received：22 December 2015，
  
  Accepted：2016-03-30，
  
  Published：25 January 2016
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Yuan JIN, Jinhui CHENG, Kun WANG, et al. Research on thermo-physical properties of several typical molten salt coolants[J]. Nuclear techniques, 2016, 39(5): 050604
DOI：

Yuan JIN, Jinhui CHENG, Kun WANG, et al. Research on thermo-physical properties of several typical molten salt coolants[J]. Nuclear techniques, 2016, 39(5): 050604 DOI： 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2016.hjs.39.050604.

摘要

熔盐是一种优异的传热介质。热物性数据是熔盐传热应用过程中的关键基础数据。按照制定的样品制备规范、样品测试操作流程和数据处理分析方法

采用差示扫描量热仪(Differential Scanning Calorimetry

DSC)、自主研制的阿基米德法密度仪和旋转柱体式粘度仪、改进的激光闪光法导热仪对FLiNaK、CloKmag和HTS熔盐的熔点、比热容、密度、导热系数、粘度系数进行了实验测量和数据评估。首次系统地提供了FLiNaK和HTS熔盐在熔点以上80 K温区的粘度系数、CloKmag盐的关键热物性数据。为这些熔盐的热工水力设计分析提供了准确可靠的基础数据。

Abstract

Background:

As an ideal coolant

molten salt has been successfully used in molten salt reactor

and its thermo-physical properties have dramatic impact on heat transfer performances. However

the diversity in molten salt pretreatment and preparation induce discrepancies among the existing data which may cause puzzle in its applications.

Purpose:

The aim is to systematically investigate and evaluate thermo-physical properties of FLiNaK and HTS

especially viscosity in abnormal operation temperature range

and measure thermo-physical properties of CloKmag salt accurately.

Methods:

Molten salt coolants were prepared normatively

and their thermo-physical properties were systematically measured through testing instruments including the differential scanning calorimetry

self-developed Archimedes density device

improved thermal conductivity meter based on laser flash method

and self-developed rotating viscometer.

Results:

Through the measurement and analysis abo

we have systematically obtained the thermo-physical properties of FLiNaK

CloKmag and HTS accurately

especially viscosity in abnormal operation temperature range.

Conclusion:

Heat capacity and thermal conductivity of molten salt are almost unaffected by temperature and can be regarded as constants. Viscosity at 80 K above melting point decreases with the increase of temperature and tends to that of room-temperature water in high temperature range. The thermo-physical properties of FLiNaK

CloKmag and HTS can provide accurate and reliable basic data for the application of molten salt.

关键词

Keywords

references

Abram T , Ion S . Generation-IV nuclear power:a review of the state of the science . Energy Policy , 2008 . 36 ( 12 ): 4323 - 4330 .

JIANG Mianheng , XU Hongjie , DAI Zhimin . Advanced fission energy program-TMSR nuclear energy system . Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 2012 . 27 ( 3 ): 366 - 374 .

江绵恒 , 徐洪杰 , 戴志敏 . 未来先进核裂变能——TMSR核能系统 . 中国科学院院刊 , 2012 . 27 ( 3 ): 366 - 374 .

ZOU Xin , DAI Zhimin , TANG Zhongfeng . Numerical simulation of induction heating in FLiNaK molten salt high temperature testing loop . Nuclear Techniques , 2013 . 36 ( 7 ): 070601 .

邹欣 , 戴志敏 , 唐忠锋 . FLiNaK熔盐高温试验回路电磁感应加热的数值模拟 . 核技术 , 2013 . 36 ( 7 ): 070601 .

YIN Huiqin . The effect study of corrosion product CrF3 on physico-chemical properties of LiF-NaF-KF . Shanghai:Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 2015 .

殷慧琴 . 腐蚀产物CrF3对LiF-NaF-KF熔盐物化性质的影响研究 . 上海:中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 , 2015 .

CHENG Jinhui . Study on molten salt thermophysical properties for heat transfer and storage . Shanghai:Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 2014 .

程进辉 . 传蓄热熔盐的热物性研究 . 上海:中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 , 2014 .

Piyush S , Matt E , Manohar S , . Molten salts for high temperature reactors:university of wisconsin molten salt corrosion and flow loop experiments-issues identified and path forward . Idaho National Laboratory, INL/EXT-10-18090 , 2010 .

Serrano-L R , Fradera J , Cuesta-L P S . Molten salts database for energy applications . Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification , 2013 . 73 87 - 102 .

Mar R W , Bradshaw R W , Carling R W , . Progress report:molten nitrate salt technology development . Sandia National Laboratories, SAND82-8220 , 1982 .

Brosseau D , Kelton J W , Ray D , . Testing of thermocline filler materials and molten-salt heat transfer fluids for thermal energy storage systems in parabolic trough power plants . Journal of Solar Energy Engineering , 2005 . 127 ( 1 ): 109 - 116 .

Hoffman H W , Lones J . Fused salt heat transfer Part Ⅱ:forced convection heat transfer in circular tubes containing NaF-KF-LiF eutectic . Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL-1977 , 1955 .

Grele M D , Gedeon L . Forced-convection heat-transfer characteristics of molten FLiNaK flowing in an Inconel X system . United States:National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics , 1954 .

Janz G J , Tomkins R P T . Physical properties data compilations relevant to energy storage IV molten salts:data on additional single and multi-component salt systems . National Standad Reference Data System , 1981 .

Vriesema B . Aspects of molten fluorides as heat transfer agents for power generation . Netherlands:Delft University of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering , 1979 .

Sohal M S , Ebner M A , Sabharwall P , . Engineering database of liquid salt thermophysical and thermochemical properties . Idaho Falls:Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho-83415 , 2010 .

Powers W D , Cohen S I , Greene N D . Physical properties of molten reactor fuels and coolants . Nuclear Science and Engineering , 1963 . 17 ( 2 ): 200 - 211 .

Khokhlov V , Ignatiev V , Afonichkin V . Evaluating physical properties of molten salt reactor fluoride mixtures . Journal of Fluorine Chemistry , 2009 . 130 ( 1 ): 30 - 37 .

Kato Y , Furukawa K , Araki N , . Thermal diffusivity measurement of molten salts by use of a simple ceramic cell . High Temperatures-High Pressure , 1983 . 15 191 - 198 .

Ewing C T , Spann J R , Miller R R . Radiant transfer of heat in molten inorganic compounds at high temperatures . Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data , 1962 . 7 ( 2 ): 246 - 250 .

Smirnov M V , Khokhlov V A , Filatov E S . Thermal conductivity of molten alkali halides and their mixtures . Electrochimica Acta , 1987 . 32 ( 7 ): 1019 - 1026 .

Williams D F . Additional physical property measurements and assessment of salt compositions proposed for the intermediate heat transfer loop . Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL/GEN4/LTR-06-033 , 2006 .

Cohen S I , Jones T N . Viscosity measurements on molten fluoride mixtures . Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL-2278 , 1957 .

Cibulková J , Chrenková M , Vasiljev R , . Density and viscosity of the(LiF+NaF+KF) eut(1)+K 2 TaF 7 (2)+Ta 2 O 5 (3) melts . Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data , 2006 . 51 ( 3 ): 984 - 987 .

Voskresenskaya N K , Yankovskaya G N , Anosov V Y . Teploemkost splavov nitritov i nitratov natriya i kaliya . Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii , 1948 . 21 ( 1 ): 18 - 25 .

Kawakami M , Suzuki K , Yokoyama S , . Heat capacity measurement of molten NaNO 3 -NaNO 2 -KNO 3 by drop calorimetry . VⅡ International Conference on Molten Slags Fluxes and Salts, The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy , 2004 .

Janz G J , Truong G N . Melting and premelting properties of the KNO 3 -NaNO 2 -NaNO 3 eutectic system . Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data , 1983 . 28 ( 2 ): 201 - 202 .

Wu Y T , Chen C , Liu B , . Investigation on forced convective heat transfer of molten salts in circular tubes . International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer , 2012 . 39 ( 10 ): 1550 - 1555 .

Boerema N , Morrison G , Taylor R , . Liquid sodium versus hitec as a heat transfer fluid in solar thermal central receiver systems . Solar Energy , 2012 . 86 ( 9 ): 2293 - 2305 .

Tufeu R , Petitet J P , Denielou L , . Experimental determination of the thermal conductivity of molten pure salts and salt mixtures . International Journal of Thermophysics , 1985 . 6 ( 4 ): 315 - 330 .

Yang Z , Garimella S V . Thermal analysis of solar thermal energy storage in a molten-salt thermocline . Solar Energy , 2010 . 84 ( 6 ): 974 - 985 .

Cooke J W , Alexander L G , Hoffman H W . Molten-salt reactor program semiannual progress report for period ending August 31, 1968 . Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL-4344 , 1968 .

Kirst W E , Nagle W M , Castner J B . A new heat transfer medium for high temperatuers . Transactions of American Institute of Chemical Engineers , 1940 . 36 ( 3 ): 371 - 394 .

Gaune P G . Viscosity of potassium nitrate-sodium nitrite-sodium nitrate mixtures . Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data , 1982 . 27 ( 2 ): 151 - 153 .

Cohen S I , Jones T N . Viscosity measurements on molter fluoride mixtures . Aircraft Reactor Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , 1957 .

Singh J . Heat transfer fluids and systems for process and energy applieations:molten salts . New York:Marcel Dekker, Inc , 1985 . 223 - 240 .

James H S . Preparation and handling of salt mixtures for the molten salt reactor experiment . Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL-4616 UC-80-Reactor Technology , 1971 .

Cheng J H , Zhang P , An X H , . A device for measuring the density and liquidus temperature of molten fluorides for heat transfer and storage . Chinese Physics Letters , 2013 . 30 ( 12 ): 126501 .

An X H , Cheng J H , Yin H Q , . Thermal conductivity of high temperature fluoride molten salt determined by laser flash technique . International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer , 2015 . 90 872 - 877 .

CHENG Jinhui , ZHANG Peng , JIN Yuan . Design of high temperature molten salt viscometer based on rotating cylinder method . Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, TMSR-MS-MC-2014 , 2014 .

程进辉 , 张鹏 , 金愿 . 高温液态熔盐旋转式超低粘度计的设计与测试 . 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所, TMSR-MS-MC-2014 , 2014 .

Thoma R E . Phase diagrams of nuclear reactor materials . Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL-2548 , 1959 .

Williams D F , Toth L M , Clarno K T . Assessment of candidate molten salt coolants for the advanced high temperature reactor(AHTR) . Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL/TM-2006/12 , 2006 .

Williams D F . Assessment of candidate molten saltcoolants for the NGNP/NHI heat-transfer loop . Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL/TM-2006/69 , 2006 .

Janz G J , Tomkins R P T , Allen C B , . Molten salts:Part 2 chlorides and mixtures-electrical conductance, density, viscosity, and surface tension data . Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data , 1975 . 4 ( 4 ): 871 - 1178 .

Janz G J , Allen C B , Bansal N P , . Physical properties data compilations relevant to energy storage Ⅱ molten salts:data on single and multi-component salt systems . U.S. National Bureau of Standards , 1979 .

Odawara O , Okada I , Kawamura K . Measurement of the thermal diffusivity of HTS(a mixture of molten sodium nitrate-potassium nitrate-sodium nitrite; 7-44-49 mol%) by optical interferometry . Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data , 1977 . 22 ( 2 ): 222 - 225 .

Santini R , Tadrist L , Pantaloni J , . Measurement of thermal conductivity of molten salts in the range 100-500℃ . International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer , 1984 . 27 ( 4 ): 623 - 626 .

Omotani T , Nagashima A . Thermal conductivity of molten salts, HTS and the lithium nitrate-sodium nitrate system, using a modified transient hot-wire method . Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data , 1984 . 29 ( 1 ): 1 - 3 .

Chen Y C , Wu Y T , Ren N , . Experimental study of viscosity characteristics of high-temperature heat transfer molten salts . Science China Technological Sciences , 2011 . 54 ( 11 ): 3022 - 3026 .

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Separation of NdF₃ using precipitation-distillation coupled method in FLiNaK molten salt

Evaporation and separation of CsF in FLiNaK molten salt

Numerical simulation of FLiBe and FLiNaK’s flow characteristics in vortex diode

Numerical simulation of induction heating in FLiNaK molten salt high temperature testing loop

Related Author

Dandan HUANG

Yunpeng JIA

Zihao WANG

Junxia GENG

Yang YANG

Qiang DOU

Qingnuan LI

Haiying FU

Related Institution

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Jiading Campus,Shanghai 201800,China) 2

中国科学院大学

AI问答

Address：2019 Jialuo Road, Jiading, Shanghai, China Postal code：201800
Tel：021-39194977 Email：LHB@sinap.ac.cn
Technical support is provided by Beijing Founder electronics co., LTD 沪ICP备05005479号-1 京公网安备11010802024621
It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.
Total Visits：881268 Visits Today：795

⁰