LONG Shilei, LIU Ke, ZENG Jianrong, et al. Impact of dust storm on chemical species of S,Cl and Ca in Shanghai atmosphere particles[J]. Nuclear techniques, 2013, 36(10): 100101
LONG Shilei, LIU Ke, ZENG Jianrong, et al. Impact of dust storm on chemical species of S,Cl and Ca in Shanghai atmosphere particles[J]. Nuclear techniques, 2013, 36(10): 100101 DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2013.hjs.36.100101.
Impact of dust storm on chemical species of S,Cl and Ca in Shanghai atmosphere particles封面论文
Background: Dust storm originated from the northwest region of China brought dust particles for Shanghai every spring
which resulted in serious particulate pollution. However
the studies of the impact of dust storm on the Shanghai atmospheric aerosols were limited to the concentrations of ions and elements. It is considered that the chemical species of atmospheric aerosols were much more necessary for the evaluation of the impact of dust storm on the particulate pollution in Shanghai. Purpose: Based on the elements concentration variations
backward trajectories of air masses and chlorine
calcium
sulfur species in aerosols during the dust event
the impact of dust storm on the chemical species of aerosols in Shanghai was studied. Methods: Elements concentrations of the samples were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence(XRF) based on synchrotron radiation. To identify the potential importance of different source regions on aerosol composition during dust events
the air mass trajectories were calculated by using the model HYSPLIT version 4 developed by NOAA/ARL. Chemical species of S
Cl
Ca were analyzed by synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption near edge structure(XANES). Sulfur K-edge XANES is capable of distinguishing various sulfate species in a non-destructive way and we used linear combination fitting procedure to quantify the concentrations of sulfate species in PM. Results: Elements concentration variations during the dust storm period showed that crust elements(Si
Al
Ca
K
Mg
Fe
Ti) in particles increased substantially during dust storm.However
pollution elements(S
Zn
Pb
Cu
V
Cr
As) from local region decreased by the clean effect of dust storm.Combined XANES of S
Cl
Ca in particulate samples with backward trajectories
the possible sources and reasons of their chemical species were studied. During dust storm
sulfur mainly existed as CaSO4·2H2O
Cl existed as organic chloride and Cl
Ca existed as CaCO3. In the samples of other days
sulfur was mainly existed as(NH4)2SO4
Cl existed as organic chloride and Ca existed as Gypsum. The source of Cl was sea salts which brought by dust storm along the way. Gypsum(CaSO4·2H2O) was formed in the reactions of CaCO3and SO42 during the transportation.Conclusion: It is shown that synchrotron radiation XANES is a powerful tool to identify chlorine
calcium and especially sulfur species in aerosol samples. Dust storm not only transported amount of crust particles but also brought particles along the way to atmosphere environment in Shanghai. During the transportation
dust particles could chemically react with the pollution particles of the local region.