由于大气环境中氡

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浓度比矿井中的浓度低3~4个数量级，因此要求测量方法灵敏度高、本底低以及能在测氡时排除

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的干扰，在测

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时排除氡的干扰。目前国内测氡普遍采用的活性炭吸附－加热解析－电离室静电计测定方法，不仅速度慢而且操作过程较长，人为影响因素难于控制。其它测

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方法如静电计法、闪烁室法、活性炭滤纸法等灵敏度也较低。美国能源研究和发展管理署保健和安全实验室（HASL）

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的大体积双层滤纸法（ERM-2型及ERM-3型）灵敏度虽较高（0.01pCi/1），但测定时间仍过长，且装置也较庞大。